Biotechnology and industry

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Biotechnology and industry
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What Is Biotechnology?

• bio the use of biological processes and
• technology to solve problems or make useful
  products.
• "New" Biotechnology the use of cellular and
  biomolecular processes to solve problems or make
  products.

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Example 1 Biodegradable plastic

• microbial organisms from natural renewable
  resources
• completely biodegradable in the environment
• non-toxic to the ecosystem
• higher heat resistance and strength than normal
  plastics
• products such as food packaging, foam peanuts,
  and laminated paper consumer goods such as
  plates, toys medical products such as syringes

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Example2Bio-fuel

• Bio-fuel is defined as 100 bio-fuel, made from
  vegetable oils and / or animal fats
• bio-fuel contributes no sulfur at all to the
  atmosphere
• contains no carcinogenic benzene and adds no new
  carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
• non-toxic and fully bio-degradable
• reducing our contribution to global warming.

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Example 3 Enzymes

• Proteins that act as catalysts to speed up the
  reactions with the presence of a small amount of
  it and remain unchanged after the reaction.
• Catalysts that are widely used by industry.
• Industrial biotechnology product that is produced
  by growing microorganisms under clean, highly
  controlled conditions in containers called
  fermenters (Fermentation)
• About 60 of enzymes are the product of modern
  biotechnology.

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• Applications in industry
• Textile industry
• i) amylase ? remove starch from fabric (e.g.
  cotton) without damaging it.
• ii) cellulase
• ? modify the surface of fabrics and improve
  their appearances.
• ? biostoning jeans (a special wash treatment of
  jeans)

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• Agricultural industry
• i) enzymes (e.g. amylase, protease)
• ? added to animal food to supplement the
  animals own enzymes and improve digestion

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Advantages

• work at lower temperatures and pressures
• more specific enzymes producing more desired
  products and fewer by-products
• do not require toxic chemical solvents to work,
  producing less waste and pollution
• biodegradable -- make biological processes more
  environmentally friendly

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Example 4 Pharmaceutical industry

• biomass recovery
• manufacturing bulk intermediates such as
  antibiotics
• membrane filtration replaced separation methods
  (e.g. centrifugation) in many plants by
  significantly improving product yields and
  reducing operator involvement and maintenance
  costs

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• purify and concentrate amino acids
• generate some valuable protein e.g human
  hemoglobin.

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Industry Trends

• Biotechnology jobs
• many Greenfield opportunities
• diversification outside of pharmaceuticals
  international programs
• market for biotechnology-related products in the
  European Union will be worth US278 billion

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strong development is driven by

• the laws of market economy, in view of the higher
  efficiencies obtained by biotechnological
  production processes
• increased demand of a growing world population
  for raw materials and energy
• demand for sustainability
• efficiency in chemical production systems

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• End
• Thank you!