Biosafety

1
Biosafety Environmental Health and Safety

• R. Thomas Leonard, PhD, CBSP, CSP
• Associate Director Biosafety Officer
• Office of Environmental Health Safety

2

Key Agencies, Regulations Guidelines

• Radioactive Materials
• Nuclear Regulatory Commission (DOE 10 CFR.)
• Virginia Department of Health

3
Key Agencies, Regulations and Guidelines

• Hazardous Chemicals
• Environmental Protection Agency
• 40 CFR 260(Hazardous Waste)
• Occupational Safety Health Administration (DOL
  29 CFR 1910.xxxx)
• 1910.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous
  Chemicals in Laboratories
• 1910.1200 Hazard Communication Standard
• Prudent Practices for Safety in Laboratories
• National Research Council, National Academy
  Press (Guideline)

4
Key Agencies, Regulations and Guidelines

• Department of Transportation (49 CFR)
• Regulates Shipping and Transport of Hazardous
  Materials
• Explosives
• Gases
• Flammables Corrosives
• Toxic Infectious Substances
• Radioactive Material
• Miscellaneous (e.g. Dry Ice)

5
Biosafety

• NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant
  DNA Molecules (NIH Guidelines)
• Mandates Creation of Institutional Biosafety
  Committee
• Requires appointment of Biological Safety Officer
  if institution is engaged in large-scale research
  or production activities, or in research
  requiring containment at Biosafety Level 3 or 4.
  
• See Handouts

6
OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard (29 CFR
1910.1030)

• A Bloodborne Pathogen is a pathogenic
  microorganism that is present in human blood and
  can cause disease in humans.
• Other Fluids, Tissues Cells
• Universal Precautions, Written Exposure Control
  Plan, Vaccination, Work Practices, Hazard
  Communication, Medical Services.

7
Hepatitis B

• Inflammation of the Liver
• Occupational Infections
• 1983 gt10,000
• 2001 lt 400
• Most Contagious BBP
• Vaccine is available

8
(No Transcript)
9
SELECT AGENTS

• Federal regulations addressing the possession of
  certain biological agents (biotoxins at defined
  thresholds, e.g. 100mg)
• DHHS (42 CFR 73) or USDA (9 CFR 121, 7 CFR 331)
• Security Risk-Assessment, Safety, Security,
  Inspections, etc.

10
Regulated Medical Waste Disposal(Infectious
Waste)Virginia Department of Environmental
Quality

• Stocks materials contaminated w/
• 1. Microorganisms likely to be pathogenic to
  healthy humans.
• 2. Unfixed Human Materials
• I. Liquids
• II. Sharps (ALL needles and scalpels)
• III. Other (contaminated disposables)

11
Liquid Infectious Waste

• Decontaminate appropriately (e.g.
  5-10 bleach for 15 minutes)
• OR
• Autoclave, then pour down the drain followed by
  running water.

12
(No Transcript)
13
Sharps

• Needles
• Syringes with Needles
• Scalpels Suture Needles
• Glass Pasteur Pipettes
• Lancets
• Slides Cover slips
• Capillary tubes
• Broken glass Other Sharp Items
• Dispose in Sharps container

14
Contaminated Materials Container CMCs

• Infectious Waste
• Full Sharps Containers
• Minimal Liquids
• No Hazardous Chemical Waste
• No Radioactive Waste
• No Animal Carcasses

15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
Some Pathogenic Agents at UVA

• Vaccinia
• Cytomegalovirus
• Adenovirus
• Epstein-Barr virus
• Herpes
• Influenza
• RSV
• Sindbis

• HIV
• Papillomavirus
• Coccidioides immitis
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Haemophilus influenzae

19
Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical
Laboratories (BMBL)

• CDC/NIH Guidelines
• Principles of Biosafety
• Laboratory Security
• Occupational Health
• Agent Summary Statements
• Biosafety Level Criteria (i.e. BSL, ABSL)
• And More

20
Biosafety Level 2