THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM ANS

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REFLEX ACTION
PHUNEE RATANASAENG
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Reflexes

• Reflex ?????????????????????????????????????????
  (stimulus) ??????????????????????????
  (?????????????)

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???????????????????? reflex

• ?????? reflex are ??????????????
• 1. ???????????????? (sensory receptor)
• ???????????????????? ??????????????????????
• 2. ???????????????? (afferent ???? sensory
  pathway)
• ?????????????????????? --gt reflex center
• ?????? dorsal root ganglia ???? cranial n.
  ganglia

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3. ?????????????? (reflex center)
???????????? --gt ???????? (gray matter
?????????????????????)4. ???????????????
(efferent ???? motor pathway) ???????????
reflex --gt effector organ5. ????????????????????
?????????? (effector organ) ?????????? ????
??????????, ????????? , ?????????
???????????????????? reflex
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??????? reflex ?????????????????????????

• 1. ??????????????????
• 1.1 Inborn reflex ???????????????????
  ????
• ????????????????? (withdrawal reflex)
• 1.2 Acquired or Conditioned reflex ?????
  ???? ?????????????

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??????? reflex ?????????????????????????

• 2. ????????????????????? reflex arc
• 2.1 Monosynaptic r.
• ?? 2 cell ????????
• ?? 1 synapse ???? stretch reflex
• 2.2 Disynaptic r.
• ?? 2 synapse ???? Golgi tendon reflex
• 2.3 polysynaptic r.
• ?? synapse gt 2 ???? withdrawal reflex

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??????? reflex ?????????????????????????

• 3. ????????????????
• 3.1 Superficial reflex ????????????????????
• ???? withdrawal reflex
• 3.2 Deep reflex stretch reflex
• 3.3 Visceral reflex reflex ?????????????
• ??????????????????????????? ????
• cranial reflex ?????????????
• spinal reflex ??????????????????

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????????????????????? (spinal reflexes)

• ????? ??????????
• ????? ???????????????????
• gray matter (???-????)
• - ??????????????
• - ?????????????? reflex??? motor function
• white matter ????????????
• sensory root ??????????????????????????????????
  ? 2 ???

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sensory root

• 1. segment ???????????????? ?????? spinal
  ?????????????? local segment (local excitatory
  effects, reflex)
• 2. ????????????????????? ????????????? ????
  ???????? cerebral cortex

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??????? reflex ????????????

• ???????? 2 ????????? ???
• 1. ????????????????????????????? (spinal somatic
  reflexes)
• 1.1 ???????????????? (reflexes of mucular
  origin)
• 1.2 ?????????? (reflexes of cutaneous
  origin)
• 1.3 ?????? (reflexes originating in joints)
• 2. ??????????????????????????????? (spinal
  autonomic reflexes)

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reflex ????????????????

• ???????????????? 2 ????
• 1. muscle spindle reflex (stretch r., myostatic
  r.)
• ?????? muscle spindle
• ????? ??????????????????????????????????
• 2. tendon reflex (inverse myostatic r.)
• ?????? Golgi tendon organs
• ????? ?? tension ??? tendon

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???????????? muscle spindle

• muscle spindle 20,000 spindles (??????)
• ?????????????? - afferent ??? efferent
• 1 spindle
• ?? 3-10 ????????????????????? (intrafusal
  muscle fiber)
• 1 ?? - ?????????????????????????????
• -?????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??? ???????????

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Tendon reflex

• ?????? Golgi tendon organ
• ????????????? ??????????? ?????????? 10-15
  ??
• ?????????? tension ??????????????????????
• ??????? spindle-gt ???????
• tendon-gt ???????
• ??????? ????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????? ???? reflex ???????
  (inverse myotatic r.)

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Reflex ??????????

• ?????????????? ????????????????????????
• ??????????? ???? touch, pressure, ???????????,
  T.
• ????????
• 1. Flexor reflex ?????
• sensory stimulus ???? ???? ????????
• ?????????? Flexor ????? ??????????????
  stimuli

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2. crossed extensor reflex ???? 0.2-0.5
?????? ???? flexor reflex ?????????????????????
extend ?????????????????????????
Reflex ??????????
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reflex ??????

• ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????
• ??????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????

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Spinal autonomic reflex

• ?????????? autonomic ?????
• ????????????? ???? ???????????????
• ????????????

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Spinal autonomic reflex

• 1.??????????????????????????????????? ??????? ,
  ????
• 2. ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????
  
• 3. intertino intestinal reflex motor
  function --gt ???????, ?????
• 4. reflex ?????? erection, ejaculation
• 5. evacuation reflexes ?????? ???????

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?????????? reflex

• 1. ???????????????????????????????
• 2. ?????????????????????????????????????

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The Autonomic Nervous System
Phunee Ratanasaeng
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???????????????????

• ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ????
  ????????????? (T), ??????? (BP),????????????
• ?????????involuntary nervous system

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??????????? ????????????????????????

• ?????????? reflex ???????????
• 1. Receptor
• 2. Afferent
• 3. Center
• 4. efferent (?????????)

• 5. effector organs (visceral) ??????
• - ?????????????????????
• - ?????????????????????
• - ???????????? ?????????????????????????

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Afferent??????????????????????

• ????????????
• ??????????????????
• ??????????????
• ???????????????????????????????

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Efferent ??????????????????????

• 1. ????????????????????
• (Sympathetic nervous system)
• 2. ???????????????????????? (parasympathetic
  nervous system)
• Sym. - ???????????
• Parasym. ???????????????? ???????
• ????????????

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?????????????????????????????????????

• ??????????????? segment ??? T1 ??? L2
• ?? preganglionic (cell body ???????intermediolater
  al horn)
• ?? postganglionic
• ???????????????????? preganglionic ???
  postganglionic ????????????????????? ?????
• ???????? (ganglia)

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????????????????? ????????????????????????

• ??????????????????????????? cranial nerve
• ?????????????????????????? sacral ??? 2 ??? 3
• 75 ?????????????????? vagus ???????? ???????
• ???? ?????, ???, ?????????, ???????, ?????????,
  ?????????? colon, ??? ???????? ???????
  ??????????????????????

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????????????????? ????????????????????????

• preganglionic ????????????????????????????????
• postganglionic ?????????? 1 ??. 2,3 ??.

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??????????? ??????????????? sym. ??? parasym.

• 1. cholinergic fiber
• 2. adrenergic fiber

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1. cholinergic fiber

• ???? sympathetic preganglionic
  ????????????????? (Acetylcholine)
• ???? parasympathetic preganglionic???
  postganglionic ????? Acetylcholine

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2. adrenergic fiber

• ???? sympathetic postganglionic ?????
  Acetylchline (????????)
• ????? norepinephrine ???? noradrenaline
• (???????)
• ???? ????????????????????????????????
  postganglionic ?????? 2 ????

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???????????????????? sympathetic
????????????????????????

• 1. ????? BP ?????????????? ( Alpha receptor),
  
• ???????????????????
• 2. ?????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????? (Beta
  receptor)
• 3. ????????????? ???????????????????????????????
• 4. ????????????????? metabolism ??? cell
• 5. ???????????????????????
• 6. ????? glycolysis ????????????

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????????????????????parasympathetic

• 1. ?????????? (protection)
• 2. ???????????????????????? (Nutrition)
• 3. ?????????? (excretion)

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????????????????????? sympathetic???
parasympathetic

• 1. ???????????? (antagonistic) ???? ?????????,
  ????????????, ??,???????
• 2. ???????????? (nonantagonistic)
• ?????????? ???????????????????
• ????????????????????? ????
• erection (parasym.),ejaculaiton (sym.)
• 3. ?????????? sym. ??????????????? ????
  ??????????, ???????????????, ?????????????????????
  ?, ???

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???????????????????????????????????????

• 1. ????????????????????
• 2. ???????????????????

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????????? ?????????(autonomic reflexes)

• 1. ????????????????????????????????
  (cardiovascular autonomic reflexes)
• 2. ??????????????????????????????????????
• 3. ????????? ??????????????

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???????????????????????????????? (cardiovascular
autonomic reflexes)

• baroreceptor reflex
• stretch receptor ??????? carotid arteries
  ???aorta
• ????? BP ????? --gt ???????? --gt ??????? --gt
  sym --gt ?? impulse ?????????? ???????????? ?????
  BP????

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??????????????????????????????????????

• ???????????????????????????
• ??????????????????? --gt vagal --gt
  glossopharyngeal ??? salivary nuclei ???????????
  --gt parasym. --gt ???????????????? ??????????????
• ?????????? --gt ??? --gt sacral ???????????? --gt
  parasym. --gt colon ????????????? --gt ???????????

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???????????????????????

• ????????????
• ?????????????? ??????????????????????
• ???????????????- ????? (????)
• - ?????????
• ?????? --gt sacral ????????????
• erection (????) --gt parasym.
• ejaculation (?????) --gt sym.

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