Organization and Financing of Education in Brazil

1
Organization and Financing of Education in
Brazil
2
Education Constitutional Principles

• Rights of all people and State and Family
  Obligation
• Primary Education compulsory and free
• Progressive universalization of free education
• Education is free to private institutions
• Universities has scientific, didactic and
  administrative autonomy

3
Organization Education System

• Federal System
• Federal education institutions
• Private institutions of higher education
• Federal education units
• States Systems
• States education institutions
• Municipalites institutions of higher education
• Private institutions of primary and secondary
  education
• States education units
• Municipalites Systems
• Municipalites institutions of early childhood,
  primary and secondary
• Private institutions of early childhood
• Municipalites education units

4
Organization of education systems Principles

• Freedom of organization each system
• Partnerships among Federal, States and
  Municipalites
• Partnerships among States and Municipalites in
  common areas
• Possibility of integration municipalites and
  states systems or create a unique system of basic
  education

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Organization Responsabilites

• Federal
• Coordinate the national education policy
• Elaborate the National Education Plan
• Execute normative function, redistributive and
  complement in relation to education instances
• Provide technical and financial assistance to
  States and Municipalites
• Articule to level and education systems
• Organize and keep the Higher and Technology
  Education
• Collect e disseminate education information
  (Census)
• Authorize, recognition and accredit higher
  education institutions
• Ensure national evaluation process

6
Federal Enrolments 2003 636 thousands
students
Higher
84
Especial Education
Secondary
0
12
Primary
Early Childhood
4
0
7
Organization Responsabilities

• States
• Elaborate States Education Plan follow the
  National Education Plan
• Ensure primary education , with priority, and
  secondary education
• Define with municipalites how to collaborate in
  providing Primary Education
• Organize and keep units and states education
  institutions
• Authorize, recognition and accreditation the
  higher education courses and their establishments

8
States Enrolments 2003 23, 896 million
students
Especial Education
0
Higher
Early Childhood
2
1
Secondary
35
Primary
62
9
Organization Responsabilites

• Municipalites
• Elaborate Municipalites Education Plan follows
  National and States Education Plans
• Ensure early childhood and primary education with
  priority
• Execute redistribution function in relation to
  schools
• Organize and keep units and municipalites
  education institutions
• Authorize, recognition and accreditation of their
  establishments

10
Municipalites Enrolments 2003 24.392 million
students
Secondary
Especial Education
1
Higher
0
0
Early Childhood
18
Primary
81
11
Private Enrolments 2003 7.950 million students
Especial Education
3
Early Childhood
Higher
22
16
Secondary
17
Primary
42
12
General Enrolment (57 million of students/2003)
636, 417 pupils
7,949,952 pupils
Federal
1
Private
23, 895, 722 pupils
14
States
42
24,391,918 pupils
Municipalites
43
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Structure of Financing of Education in Brazil

• 1930s State intervention in education
• 1930 Creation of Ministry of Education-MEC
• 1934 Begin of budgetary resources linkage
• Post-War Welfare State

14
Base of Financing of Public Education in Brazil
Historic
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-5
01/1969
24/1983
CF 1934
CF 1937
CF 1946
CF 1967
EC nº
EC nº
CF 1988
LDB 1961
Federal
States
Municipalites
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Financing of Education (current linkage)

• Federal
• Minimum 18 of tax revenue
• States and municipalites
• Minimum 25 of tax revenue and transfers
• (State or Municipal Legislation can define
  bigger percentual)
• Social Contribution of Education-Salary
• 2,5 of company payrolls
• Federal Quota (40)
• State Quota
• Municipal Quota

16
Resources linked to education (Estimate 2005)
17
Financial Assistance of Federal to States and
Municipalites

• Financing of diversities Projects and Programs
  in basic education through contract celebration
  and automatic and no-automatic deposit through
  FNDE.

18
Sub-linked of Education Resources
19
(No Transcript)
20
Sublinked Resources to Primary Education ? FUNDEF
FUNDEF R 31,2 bilhions
60 Linked to Primary Education in States and
Municipalites
Distribution to total of pupils