Title: Water On Earth
1Water On Earth
Learning Goal Explain the water cycle using
appropriate terminology and explain why we are
still concerned with the quantity of water on
earth
2Why should we study water?
- Without water, life would not exist on Earth
- Water is a major issue in the West
- Maybe you have heard the word drought before
- A very small percentage of water is available for
human use, and it is being polluted everyday
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4Define the following using the next slide
- Condensation
- Precipitation
- Evaporation
- Transpiration
- Surface run off
- Percolation
- Return flow
- Ground water flow
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6Will we run out of water?
- If the water cycle is correct, why do we have
water issues? - There is plenty of water, but not all of it is
available to use. - So, where is all the water?
7WHERE ON THE EARTH IS ALL OUR WATER ? ?
- WHAT ARE THE CHOICES?
- OCEANS
- ATMOSPHERE
- UNDERGROUND
- RIVERS, LAKES, CREEKS (OR CRICKS), SWAMPS, PONDS
SURFACE WATER - ICE FIELDS AND SNOWFIELDS AND GLACIERS
- Of these choices, where is the water found as a
percent? - Which are useful to humans?
8A DEMONSTRATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER ON
OUR PLANET
- All the water on the earth
- Salt 97 (970 mL / 1000mL) 100
- Fresh 3.0 ( 30 mL / 1000 mL ) 100
- DISTRIBUTION OF FRESHWATER
- Polar ice caps 24.0 ml 2.4
- Groundwater 4.0 mL 0.4
- Surface water 1.0 mL 0.1
- Water vapor 1.0 mL 0.1
9Water source
How Much is Available?
Water volume, incubic miles
of total water
Oceans 317,000,000
Icecaps, Glaciers 7,000,000
Groundwater 2,000,000
Freshwater lakes 30,000
Inland seas 25,000
Soil moisture 16,000
Atmosphere 3,100
Rivers 300
Total 326,000,000
- Source Nace, U.S. Geological Survey, 1967 and
The Hydrologic Cycle (Pamphlet), U.S. Geological
Survey, 1984
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11So Why Is it important to Study Water?
- You will be testing the water quality of some
wells in a town called Fruitvale. - The first step is to collect background
information on the towns water supply - Second, you and your team will decide which wells
you are going to test based on the information
you collected, and the knowledge that the water
flows from north to south in that town. - Your goals
- Determine the source of the contamination
- Determine how far it has traveled