Innovative Approaches

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Outdoor Wood-fired Hydronic Heaters Voluntary
Program National Air Quality Conference February
11, 2007
Larry Brockman U.S. EPA - Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standard
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EPAs Voluntary Residential Wood Smoke Reduction
Initiative

• Major components
• Great American Woodstove Changeout Campaign (Main
  focus)
• Burn Clean National Education and Outreach
  Campaign
• Supporting Developing Standards (voluntary
  and/or regulatory) for Fireplaces, Woodstoves and
  Outdoor Wood-fired Hydronic Heaters

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Outline

• Whats an OWHH?
• Voluntary Program
• Model Rule

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How It Works
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Front View of Typical Unit
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Why Are People All Fired-Up?
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PM2.5 Emissions Efficiency Comparisons
Grams/hour Pounds/ton wood burned pounds/MM BTU Efficiency ()
Outdoor Wood-fired Boilers (OWB) 30-390 6-60 0.5-5 30-55
Old Wood Stoves 25-50 or more 90-150 7.5-12.5 54
NSPS Wood Stoves 40CFR60 Subpart AAA 7.5 Non-Catalytic 4.1 Catalytic 30 2.5 16 1.4 67
Pellet Stoves 1 4.2 0.3 70-80
Fireplaces 34.6 2.8 10
Oil-fired Furnaces NA 0.012 90
Natural Gas Furnaces NA 0.0075 90
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Estimated National Emissions
SOURCES TPY of PM 2.5 (direct)
Woodstoves and Fireplaces 420,000
Non-road Diesel 174,000
Residential Open Burning 165,000
Highway Diesel 124,000
OWB 1,450-37,000 NESCAUM perhaps 250,000
Source NEI for All Categories Except OWB
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Petition to Administrator (8/11/05)

• 6 northeastern States plus Michigan NESCAUM
• Revise woodstove NSPS or new NSPS
• Federal regulation needed avoid patchwork
• Other state, local agencies, and citizens
  expressed interest

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Our 2-Part Stakeholder Strategy

• Part 1 EPA OWHH Voluntary Program
• Part 2 Model Rule (MR) for States

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Part 1 Voluntary Program

• Goal Reduced emissions from new OWHH sooner than
  Model or Federal Rule
• Phase 1 new, cleaner models by 4/2007
• Phase 2 even more stringent, date TBD

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Text label for New OWHH

• Test results from XX independent accredited
  laboratory indicate that this model meets the
  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2007 (Phase
  1) voluntary program emissions level for outdoor
  wood-fired hydronic heaters (OWHH) when tested in
  accordance with EPA Method 28 OWHH. To minimize
  smoke, always operate OWHH in accordance with the
  manufacturers instructions found in the owners
  manual. Additional information about EPAs
  voluntary program is available at
  www.epa.gov/woodboilers.

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Voluntary Program Components

• MOU
• Permanent text on qualifying models
• Hang tag
• Table top display
• Owners Manual text
• EPA website

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Benefits of Voluntary OWHH Program

• Manufacturers redesign and market cleaner OWHH
  much sooner than with Federal rules
• starting 4/2007
• 70 less emissions
• Meets immediate needs of States and manufacturers

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NESCAUM Model Rule Components

• New OWH Phase1
• Emission limit Phase 1 0.44 /mmBTU heat input
  
• Set-back from property lines gt300 feet
• Stack height gt5 feet above structures within 150
  feet
• Proper operation and maintenance, label, notice
  to buyers
• Existing OWH options
• Shutdown by x date
• Replace or shutdown prior to sale or transfer of
  real property
• Setback of 500 feet Stack height gt5 ft above
  structures within 150 feet by Y
• Phase 2 Emission Limit of 0.32/mmBTU heat output
• Based on AQ modeling to meet the NAAQS
• For units that meet the Phase 2 emission limit,
  the set-back and stack height requirements are
  dropped

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Expected Reductions

• Voluntary Program Phase 1 Units by 4/2007
• 0.60 /mmBTU heat input
• 70 reduction
• Model Rule Phase 1 as soon as 4/2008
• 0.44 /mmBTU heat input
• 80 reduction
• Model Rule Phase 2 as soon as 4/2010
• 0.32 /mmBTU heat output
• gt90 reduction

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Roll-out Next Steps

• Roll-out 1/29/07
• EPA news brief
• EPA website with information for public
• MOU packets for partnering manufacturers
• Complete infrastructure for manufacturers to
  deliver cleaner OWHH to market by 4/07

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Outdoor Wood-Fired Hydronic Heaters aka
Outdoor Wood Boilers Contact Gil
Wood Wood.gil_at_epa.gov 919-541-5272