JOINT

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JOINT OPERATIONS
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Joint Operations

• The World Situation
• Define Joint Operations
• History of Joint Warfare
• Joint Doctrine
• Range of Operations
• Types of Joint Operations
• Joint Warfare Values

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World Situation
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• JOINT
• OPERATIONS BOTTOM LINE
• The USAF doesnt operate alone.
• It takes all military services working
• together to successfully execute win Americas
  wars

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• "You may fly over a land forever you may bomb
  it, atomize it, pulverize it and wipe it clean of
  life - but if you desire to defend it, protect
  it, and keep it for civilization, you must do
  this on the ground, the way the Roman legions
  did, by putting your young men into the mud."
• - T. R. Fehrenbach This Kind of War

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JOINT OPERATIONSWORKING DEFINITION
Synergy
TWO OR MORE SERVICES APPLYING SYNCHRONIZED AIR,
LAND, SEA, SPACE, AND/OR SPECIAL FORCES IN A
UNIFIED EFFORT, SUCH THAT THE OUTPUT FAR
SURPASSES THE TOTAL SUM OF INPUTS.
Must have two or more services
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HISTORY OF JOINT OPERATIONS

• Joint Warfare
• Joint Doctrine

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JOINT WARFARE Battle Of Yorktown 1781
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JOINT WARFARE Battle Of Vicksburg,
1863

• Control Of The
• Mississippi River
• Navy, Marine,
• Army Assault
• 45 Day Siege
• Teamwork

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JOINT WARFARE Operation Overlord, 1944

• Air Superiority
• Sea Superiority
• Special
• Operations
• Leadership
• Continued

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JOINT WARFARE Operation Overlord

• Leadership
• Eisenhower
• -- Complete Autonomy
• -- 6,000 ships, 13,000 aircraft, 250,000
  personnel from all branches

No Synergy

• Von Rundstedt
• -- No autonomy
• -- No control over armor, air defenses, coastal
  artillery

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JOINT DOCTRINE National Security
Act Of 1947

• Created
• - DoD
• -- Secretary of Defense
• -- Joint Chiefs Of Staff
• -- Unified Specified Commands

- National Security Council
- Central Intelligence Agency
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JOINT DOCTRINE Reorganization Act Of 1958

• Defined The Chain Of Command
• From President to the services
• -- Pres-SECDEF-Unified CC- Component CC
• Unified Commands Increased Their Operational
  Control (OPCON) of Resources

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JOINT DOCTRINE
Goldwater-Nichols Reorganization Act Of 1986

• STRENGTHENED Role Of The Chairman Of The Joint
  Chiefs
• - Made the principal military advisor to the
  President and
• Secretary of Defense

• Mandated JOINT DOCTRINE

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JOINT DOCTRINE

• Provides A Common Perspective From Which To Plan
  And Operate Shapes The Way We Think And Train
  For War
• Indication Of Things That
• Are Right Or Wrong
• -- Not a checklist that will guarantee
  military victory

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JOINT DOCTRINE Goldwater-Nichols
Reorganization Act Of 1986 cont

• Required officers to serve in a joint billet
  before promotion to flag rank

• Two Separate Chains Of Command
• -- Operational
• -- Communicative

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JOINT DOCTRINE Goldwater-Nichols
Reorganization Act Of 1986

• Operational Chain Of Command
• -- Unified Combatant Commander in charge of all
  services/components
• -- Component commanders responsible for their
  piece
• -- The difficult task is determining which
  service to use at a particular time and place

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JOINT DOCTRINE Goldwater-Nichols
Reorganization Act Of 1986

• Communicative Chain Of Command
• -- JCS manage day to day operations and prepare
  for the day that the operation may occur
• -- JCS maintains no operational control

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JOINT ORGANIZATION
Communicative Day-to-Day
Operational
President
Secretary of Defense
JCS
Services
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Operational Chain
President Secretary of Defense Unified
Commander/Joint Forces Commander
President
Secretary of Defense
Unified Commander
Army
Navy
Air Force
Special Operations
Land Maritime Air
Special Ops
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THE JOINT CAMPAIGN Objective

• Usually set by the President
• and Secretary of Defense
• Unified Combatant Commander
• decides best way to accomplish objective

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THE JOINT CAMPAIGNOBJECTIVE

• The Difficult task is determining which service
  to use at a particular time and place because
  each service brings unique strengths and
  weaknesses to the joint environment.

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The Navy

• Conducts prompt and sustained operations at and
  from the sea

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The Army

• Conducts prompt and sustained land combat
  operations

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Marine Corps

• Conducts amphibious landings
  
  and
  ground operations

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The Air Force

• Have you been paying attention the last 8 weeks?

• Uses air and space power to exploit the air and
  space environment.

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THE JOINT CAMPAIGN Joint Shopping
List

• Strategic Strike Capability
  Air Force gt Navy gtgt Army Marine Corps

• Guerrilla/Urban Warfare
• Army gt Marine Corps gtgt Air Force Navy

• Forced Entry
• Marine Corps gt Army gtgt Air Force Navy

• Control Ground
• Army gt Marine Corps gtgtNavy Air Force

Most Likely gtgtgt Least Likely
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RANGE OF OPERATIONS
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Natural Part of War
TIME
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Types of OperationsMilitary Engagement, Security
Operations, and Deterrence

• Arms Control and Disarmament
• Combating Terrorism
• Counterdrug Operations
• Enforcement of Sanctions
• Freedom of Navigation

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Types of OperationsMilitary engagement, Security
Operations, and Deterrence

• Nation Assistance
• Protection of Shipping
• Show of Force
• Support to Insurgency

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Types of OperationsCrisis response and
contingency operations

• Non-combat Evacuation Operation
• Peace Operations
• Foreign Humanitarian Assistance
• Recovery Operations
• Consequence Management
• Strikes and Raids
• Support to Homeland Security

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Types of Operations Major Operations or Campaigns

• Offensive
• Defensive
• Stability

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JOINT FORCE VALUES

• Integrity
• Say what you mean-Do what you say
• Competence
• Those you lead deserve no less
• Physical Courage
• You never know when
• Moral Courage
• Always do what is right
• Teamwork
• Essential to Joint Operations

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JOINT OPERATIONS

• The World Situation
• Define Joint Operations
• History of Joint Warfare
• Joint Doctrine
• Range of Operations
• Types of Joint Operations
• Joint Warfare Values

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TOMORROW?
DAGESTAN
KOSOVO
AFGHANISTAN
WEST BANK
CHINA
ALGERIA
PAKISTAN
HURRICANE RELIEF
TAIWAN
INDIA
YEMEN
LIBERIA
ERITHEA
VENEZUELA
SRI LANKA
NIGERIA
COLOMBIA
SUDAN
EAST TIMOR
ECUADOR
ZIMBABWE
Where will you be?
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POINTS TO REMEMBER

• Joint Ops Two or more services applying air,
  land, sea, space, and/or special forces in a
  unified effort, such that the output far
  surpasses the total sum of inputs.
• Doctrine Provides a common perspective from
  Which To Plan And Operate
• Operational joint chain
• of command

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Questions?