Standard 4'4 Effects of Reconstruction, 13th15th Amendments

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Standard 4.4- Effects of Reconstruction,
13th-15th Amendments
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Ten Percent Plan (1863)

• Proposed by
• President Abraham Lincoln
• Conditions for former Confederate states to
  rejoin the Union
• Ten percent of voters must swear loyalty to the
  Union.
• Must abolish slavery.

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Andrew Johnsons Plan (1865)

• Proposed by
• Andrew Johnson
• Conditions for former Confederate states to
  rejoin Union
• Majority of white men must swear loyalty.
• Must ratify Thirteenth Amendment.
• Former Confederate officials may vote and hold
  office.

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Freedmen's Bureau

• Gave food and clothing to former slaves.
• Tried to find jobs for freedmen.
• Helped poor whites as well.
• Provided medical care for over 1 million people.

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Black Codes

• Poll Taxes required voters to pay a fee each
  time they voted
• Freedmen could rarely afford to vote.
• Literacy Tests required voters to read in order
  to vote.
• Freedmen had little education.
• Grandfather Clauses If voters father or
  grandfather had been eligible to vote in 1867 the
  voter did not have to take the literacy test.
• This increased the number of eligible white
  voters.

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Reconstruction Act (1867)

• Proposed by
• Radical Republicans in Congress
• Conditions for former Confederate states to
  rejoin Union
• Must disband state governments.
• Must write new constitutions.
• Must ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.
• African Americans must be allowed to vote.
• Johnson was impeached

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Thirteenth Amendment
Freed slaves in the United States
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Fourteenth Amendment

• Granted citizenship to all persons born in the
  United States. This gave most African Americans
  citizenship.
• Guaranteed equal protection of the laws.
• Declared that no state could deprive any person
  of life, liberty, or property without due process
  of law.

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Fifteenth Amendment
Forbade any state to deny African Americans the
right to vote because of their race. 1870
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Political effects in South

• Freedmen were allowed to vote, so many African
  Americans were in state legislatures.
• Northerners came down as missionaries
  entrepreneurs so whites called them carpetbaggers
• Others were southern born scalawags who wanted to
  cooperate and rebuild the South
• Public education but segregated
• Depended on sharecropping in South instead of
  slavery (economically depressed )

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Election of 1876

• Rutherford Hayes vs. Tilden (Democrat)
• Led to Compromise of 1877 and withdrawal of
  troops from the SouthDemocratic congress got
  things like building a railroad, improving
  harbors and have a conservative Southerner in his
  cabinet. In return they appointed Hayes a
  Republican
• African Americans were left to fend for
  themselves.
• Ended Reconstruction

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Standard 4.5- Progress made by African Americans,
then reversed by Reconstructions End
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Standard 4-5

• A. Economic Gain- very little economic gain for
  blacks (sharecropping didnt work for them)
• B. Political Gains
• After 15th amendment, blacks served in Congress
  local legislature
• Federal troops in South made it where blacks
  could still vote (Klu Klux Klan other groups
  tried to intimidate)

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Standard 4-5

• C. Social Gains of Blacks
• Reunited with families but stayed in South
• Formed churches
• Freedoms Bureau helped protect blacks and gave
  education (Black Colleges founded- Booker T.
  Washington Tuskegee Institute)
• Southern states did away with carrying out
  14th/15th amendment after Reconstruction.
• Segregation through things like Plessy v.
  Ferguson, Jim Crow Laws drove a wedge into the
  movement of equality.

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Plessy v. Ferguson
The Supreme Courts decision ruled that
segregation was legal so long as the facilities
for blacks and whites were equal