Child Passenger Safety in Houston/Harris County

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Child Passenger Safety in Houston/Harris County

• Rohit Shenoi, MD
• Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
• Baylor College of Medicine
• Attending Physician, Emergency Center
• Texas Childrens Hospital

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Harris County Current Safety Facts

• Overall 50 children improperly restrained in
  Houston
• Unrestrained
• 0-4 year- olds 22
• 5-8 year-olds 56
• 10-14 year-olds 40
• Wear Helmets while Bicycling 31
• Houston Restraint Observations 2005

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Child Passenger Safety

• Injury Surveillance
• Epidemiology
• Severity of Injuries
• Child Passenger Safety Education

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Injury Pyramid
Deaths
Hospital Discharges
Emergency Dept. Visits
Reported Injury Incidents
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Harris County Injury Fatalities - 2004Children lt
17 yearsN 75
Harris County Child Fatality Review Team
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Injury Hospitalizations -2003Harris County -
Children lt16 yearsN1277

• Texas EMS/Trauma Registry Data - 2003

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Hospitalization for Transportation Injuries
Children lt 16 years - Harris County

Texas EMS/Trauma Registry 2003
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Injury Severity by Mechanism Children lt 16 years
Harris County

Texas EMS/Trauma Registry 2003
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POSSIBLE LINKS
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MVC with EMS transport (Children lt 16 yr) Harris
County, TX 1999-2001
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Pedestrian/MVC with EMS transportChildren lt 16
years, Harris County 1999-2001
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• http//www.bcm.edu/traumalink

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Child Passenger Safety Education

• Prospective randomized control study
• Sept. 2006 Aug. 2007
• Emergency Department Texas Childrens Hospital
• Parents of ED patients aged 0 12 years

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Protocol at enrollment

• Control
• Received Survey
• Pre-test
• Received CPS Handout at discharge

• Intervention
• Received Survey
• Pre-test
• Shown age appropriate CPS video
• Received CPS Handout at discharge

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Protocol at enrollment

• CPS Video shown
• Infant
• Toddler
• Booster
• Safety Restraints
• LATCH

Partners for Child Passenger Safety and State
Farm Texas Department of Health- Safe Riders
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Survey

• Demographics
• Height and weight
• Safety restraint used
• Position of child in car
• Vehicle type and model year
• Child prior involvement in MVC
• Number of children lt 12 years in household
• Driver age and sex

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Post-test

• Done at 1 month by telephone in parents language
  (English or Spanish)
• Asked if they visited a car inspection station
• Asked type of restraint used and position of
  child in vehicle
• 13 questions on same CPS content as pretest

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(No Transcript)
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Characteristics of groups

• Control (n53) Intervention
  (n49)
• Male () 28(53)
  28(57) p0.662
• Hispanic 14(27)
  16(35)
• Caucasian 17(33)
  22(48)
• African-American 21(40)
  8(17) p0.051
• English speaking 47(88.7)
  41(83.7) p0.463
• Mean no. children
• In Home (SD) 2.2(1.31)
  2.0(1.04) p0.37
• Mean Age driver (SD) 31.8(8.7)
  30.1(6.9) p0.465
• Female driver 41(77)
  39(80) p0.785

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Characteristics of groups

• Control Intervention p value
• Seat Location
• Back 51(96.2) 46(93.9)
• Front
  2(3.8) 2(4.1)
• Truck cab
  0(0) 1(2) p0.692
• Patient Ages
• Age lt 1 15(28.3) 15(30.6)
• Ages 1-4 17(32.1)
  25(51.0)
• Ages 5-8
  15(28.3) 6(12.2)
• Ages 9-12 6(11.3)
  3(6.1) p0.116
• Prior Involvement of child
• in MVC
  3(5.7) 2(4.1) p 0.712

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Characteristics of Groups

• 
  Control Intervention
• 
  
• Inappropriately Restrained
• at enrollment
  13(26.5) 13(24.5) p 0.817
• Mean Pretest score ( SD) 6.83(1.61)
  6.39(1.86) p0.201
• Mean Posttest score ( SD) 5.89(1.86)
  7.55(2.09) plt0.001

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Results Test Scores
Mean Score Difference between groups was
significant p lt 0.001 2.11 ( 95 CI 1.32,
2.90)
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Results Visits to Inspection Stations
Intervention Group
Reported Visits to Inspection Station
No Yes
Total
38 8 (17) 46
11 5 (31) 16
49 13 (21) 62
No
Referred to Inspection Station
Yes
31 of parents referred to inspection stations
reported attendance vs. 17 of parents who were
not referred
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Comparison of 2 Groups Lost to Follow-up
p Value
Sex 0.16
Age groups 0.45
Intervention/control 0.43
Driver sex 0.08
Parent language 0.52
Ethnicity 0.26
Previous MVC involving child lt 0.02
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Call 832-828-1314 (English) Call 832-828-1312
(Spanish)
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• Thank You