Information Systems Development Methodologies

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Information Systems Development Methodologies

• By Zainal A. Hasibuan
• Faculty of Computer Science
• University of Indonesia

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Information Systems Development Methodologies

• Structured Analysis, Design and Implementation of
  Information Systems (STRADIS)
• Yourdon Systems Method (YSM)
• Information Engineering (IE)
• Structured Systems Analysis and Design
  Methodology (SSADM)
• Merise
• Jackson Systems Development (JSD)
• Object-oriented Analysis
• Information Systems Work and Analysis of Changes
  (ISAC)
• Effective Technical and Human Implementation of
  Computer-based Systems (ETHICS)
• Soft System Methodology (SSM)
• Multiview
• Process Innovation
• Rapid Application Development (RAD)
• KADS
• Euromethod

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Structured Analysis, Design and Implementation of
Information Systems (STRADIS) by Gane and Sarson

• The main techniques used
• Process-oriented of function decomposition
• DFD
• Decision trees
• Decision tables
• Structure English

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Yourdon System Method (YSM) by Ed Yourdon

• Process-oriented
• Event partitioning approach as compare to
  top-down approach (functional decomposition)
• Greater emphasis on analysis of data if compared
  to STRADIS

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Information Engineering (IE) by James Martin and
Clive Finkelstein

• More emphasis on data
• Data-oriented entity-relationship approach
• Extended to planning phase as the first step in
  the methodology

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Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method
(SSADM) by Learmonth and Burchett

• A standard in most UK government applications
• Modern version of the traditional IS development
  life cycle
• DFD
• Entity life histories
• Recommends the use of CASE tools and workbenches

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Merise

• Widely used in France
• Consider equally important of process and data
  aspects and analyzed and designed in parallel

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Jackson Structured Design (JSD) by Michael
Jackson

• Had a profound effect on the teaching and
  practice commercial computer programming
• It concentrates on the design of efficient and
  well-tested software which reflects the
  specification
• It has links with formal methods
• More applicable to applications where efficiency
  is paramountfor example in process control
  applications

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Coad and Yourdons Object-oriented Analysis

• It reflects the view that in defining objects and
  their component parts (attributes) we capture the
  essential building blocks of information systems
• It is a unifying approach, as analysis and design
  can be undertaken following this approach
• Applications developed using object programming
  languages and CASE tools
• Leads to consistency throughout

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Information Systems Work and Analysis (ISAC) by
Mats Lunderberg (Scandinavia)

• Seeks to identify the fundamental causes of
  users problems and suggests ways to overcome
• Analyze the activities and the initiation of
  change processes
• People-oriented approach with emphasis on the
  analysis of change and the change processes
• Solution not necessarily use of computer
  information system

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Effective Technical and Human Implementation of
Computer-based Systems (ETHICS) by Enid Mumford

• People-oriented based on participation
• Attempts to embody a sound ethical position
• It encompasses the socio-technical view
• The technology must fit closely with the social
  and organizational factors in application domain

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Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) by Peter Checkland

• Influenced by System approach
• Its rationale is that the properties of whole
  system are not entirely understandable in terms
  of the properties of the constituent elements
• the whole is greater than the sum of the parts
• Present the fuzzy and ill-structured situation
  not just technological problems

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Multiview

• Hybrid SSM, ETHICS, process modeling and data
  modeling
• A contingency approach techniques and tools
  being used as the problem situation demand

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Process Innovation by Devenport

• Tie business process re-engineering with
  information technology and information systems
• IT being seen as the primary enabler of process
  innovation as it gives an opportunity to change
  processes completely

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Rapid Application Development (RAD)

• The need to develop IS more quickly
• It based on the evolutionary, prototyping
  approach
• Enabled by using CASE and system repository
• User requirements are often determined through JAD

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The Expert Systems Approach (KADS)

• The outcome of a European Union ESPRIT research
  project
• A comprehensive, commercially viable methodology
  for knowledge-based system construction
• Use to Develop Expert systems

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Euromethod

• Results from a European initiative
• It is more a framework for planning, procurement
  and management of services for the investigation,
  development or amendment of IS a methodology