The New Imperialism 18001914

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The New Imperialism (18001914)

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The New Imperialism (18001914)

• SECTION 1 A Western-Dominated World
• SECTION 2 The Partition of Africa
• SECTION 3 European Challenges to the Muslim World
• SECTION 4 The British Take Over India
• SECTION 5 China and the New Imperialism

Chapter 25
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S E C T I O N 1A Western-Dominated World

• European imperialism in the late 1800s was
  motivated by economic, political, and military
  interests humanitarianism religious fervor and
  a growing sense in the West of racial
  superiority.
• Western nations enjoyed several advantages that
  enabled them to dominate other peoples, including
  strong economies, well-organized governments,
  powerful armies and navies, and superior
  technology.
• The Western imperialist powers used several forms
  to control their foreign territories, including
  colonies, protectorates, and spheres of influence.

Chapter 25, Section 1
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S E C T I O N 2The Partition of Africa

• On the eve of the European scramble for
  territory, Africa was filled with people of
  diverse cultures speaking hundreds of languages
  and enjoying individual religious, economic,
  political, and social traditions.
• In the 1800s, European nations, ignoring
  traditional patterns of settlement or ethnic
  boundaries, carved out claims to almost the
  entire continent of Africa.
• Africans fiercely resisted European domination,
  but in the end only Ethiopia and Liberia remained
  independent.

Chapter 25, Section 2
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S E C T I O N 3European Challenges to the
Muslim World

• During the 1800s, the Ottoman Empire was
  threatened by severe economic problems, political
  corruption, and nationalist revolts among its
  multi-ethnic population. The Western European
  powers took advantage of the Ottoman decline to
  extend their influence over Ottoman lands.
• Nationalist tensions in the Ottoman Empire
  triggered a brutal genocide of the Armenian
  population.
• In Egypt, Muhammad Ali sought to modernize Egypt
  by introducing a number of political and economic
  reforms. After his death, Egypt came increasingly
  under foreign control and finally became a
  British protectorate in 1882.
• Russia and Britain battled for control of Iran,
  especially after the discovery of oil there.

Chapter 25, Section 3
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S E C T I O N 4The British Take Over India

• By the mid-1800s, the British East India Company
  controlled three fifths of India.
• Angry Indians rose up against the British East
  India Company in protest against policies that
  offended their religion. Hundreds of British men,
  women, and children and thousands of unarmed
  Indians were slaughtered in the Sepoy Rebellion.
• After the Sepoy Rebellion, Britain set up a
  system of colonial rule in India, bringing both
  benefits and injustices to the Indian people.
• In the late 1800s, western-educated Indians
  spearheaded a nationalist movement aimed at
  ending British rule.

Chapter 25, Section 4
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China and the New Imperialism

• During the 1800s, western powers used a
  combination of diplomacy and war to win favorable
  trade agreements in China.
• The Qing dynasty was in decline, suffering from a
  poor economy, widespread official corruption, and
  political unrest marked by the devastating
  peasant uprising known as the Taiping Rebellion.
• In the late 1800s, the Chinese tried to resist
  foreign influence with attempts at modernization
  and reform, but their efforts were too weak and
  came too late to achieve success.
• In 1911, an uprising of peasants, workers,
  students, and local warlords toppled Chinas
  2,000-year-old monarchy. In 1912, a new Chinese
  Republic, headed by Sun Yixian, was set up in its
  place.

Chapter 25, Section 5