Ropes and Knots

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Ropes and Knots

• Presented
• By
• The City Of Yakima Fire Department

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BASIC ROPE RESCUE

• DAY 1
• BASIC ROPES AND KNOTS
• PATIENT PACKAGING WITH A STOKES
• DAY 2
• HIGH ANGLE RESCUE
• LOW ANGLE RESCUE

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DAY 1 OBJECTIVES

• 1. The student will be able to tie the
  following knots.
• a. Figure-eight stopper.
• b. Figure-eight on a bight.
• c. Figure-eight follow-through.
• d. In-line figure-eight.
• e. Overhand bend.
• f. Square bend.
• g. Double overhand bend.
• h. Prussik hitch.
• I. Bowline.

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OBJECTIVES CONT.

• 2. Properly tie rescuer harness and attach to a
  safety line.
• a. Pelvic harness.
• b. Chest harness.
• 3. Set up and operate a figure-eight friction
  device.
• 4. Set up and operate a tandem Prussik brake
  system.

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OBJECTIVES CONT.

• 6. Use four methods to attach webbing slings to
  anchors and build two- and three-point
  load-distributing self-protecting anchor systems.
• 7. Construct three types of picket anchor
  systems.
• a. Single picket.
• b. Double picket.
• c. Combination picket.
• 8. Set up and operate a simple 21 pulley system
  for application with ladder rescue systems.
• 9. Set up and operate a simple 31 Z-pulley
  system.

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BASIC ROPE RESCUE EQUIPMENT

• 1. Software.
• a. Rescue rope.
• b. Webbing.
• c. Prussik cord.
• d. Commercial harnesses.
• 2. Hardware.
• a. Carabineers.
• b. Friction devices.
• c. Pulleys.

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3. RESCUE ROPE USE

• a. Raise loads.
• b. Lower loads.
• c. Traverse.
• d. Ensure safety.
• e. Build pulley systems.

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ANCHOR SYSTEMS

• Definitions An anchor (also called anchor
  point) is a stationary object that is heavy
  enough, stable enough, and strong enough to hold
  the load attached to it with rescue rigging.

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PICKET CAPACITIES

• Based on average soil
• a. Single picket 700 pounds.
• b. 11 1,400 pounds.
• c. 111 1,800 pounds.
• d. 321 4,000 pounds.

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SAFETY LINES

• Definition A safety line (commonly referred to
  as a belay line) is a backup system to the main
  lowering or raising system which protects rescuer
  and victim in the event of a main line failure.
  Its anchors and components must be as strong or
  stronger than the main line system due to the
  potential for shock loading.

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RAPPELLING

• 1. A rappel is a slow, controlled descent down a
  rescue rope using a friction device.
• 2. Two-line systems are used in training for
  safety.
• a. A rappel line.
• b. A safety line.
• c. Both ½ inch, 9,000 pounds.

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RESCUE KNOTS

• 1. Qualities of a good rescue knot.
• a. Easy to tie.
• b. Easy to see if tied correctly.
• c. Will not untie itself.
• d. Minimal loss in rope strength.
• e. Relatively easy to untie after being
  loaded.

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KNOT TERMINOLOGY

• 1. Knot.
• A rope that is intertwined.
• 2. Bend
• Two rope ends connected together.
• 3. Hitch
• A rope around an object.

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FIGURE-EIGHT STOPPER


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FIGURE-EIGHT ON A BIGHT
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FIGURE-EIGHT FOLLOWTHROUGH
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FIGURE-EIGHT FOLLOWTHROUGH
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FIGURE-EIGHT FOLLOWTHROUGH
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INLINE FIGURE-EIGHT
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OVERHAND
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OVERHAND BEND
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SQUARE BEND
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DOUBLE OVERHAND BEND
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THREE WRAP PRUSSIK HITCH
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BOWLINE
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LONGTAIL BOWLINE
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PATIENT PACKAGING WITH A STOKES BASKET