ENERGY CONSERVATION CALCULATION

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ENERGY CONSERVATION CALCULATION
THE ESSENTIAL OF BUILT ENVIRONMENTAL
TECHNOLOGY by PROF. DR. SOONTORN BOONYATIKARN
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1. Human Comfort 2. Building Factor 3. Cooling
Load in Building 4. Cooling Load Calculation
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1. Human Comfort
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Climate in Thailand
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TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN APRIL
HUMAN COMFORT
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Human sensation( C ) 0.381V0.0016RH
V wind velocity ( km/h.) RH relative
humidity ()
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AIR TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN APRIL
WITH WIND VELOCITY
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2. Building Factor
2.1 Environment 2.2 Zoning 2.3 Building
Form 2.4 Activities 2.5 Glass
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Building factors-Human comfort 2.1 Environment
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Building factors-Human comfort
2.2 Zoning for Appropriate Activities
Passive zone
Casual Activities Dining, Talking, etc.
Semi-Passive Zone
Conversation Informal work Walking, Talking,
etc.
Control Zone
Focus ActivitiesLearning, Presentation, etc.
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(No Transcript)
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Building factors-Human comfort 2.3 Building Form
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Building factors-Human comfort 2.4 Activity
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Building factors-Human comfort 2.5 Glass
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3.Cooling Load in Building
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Cooling Load in Building 3.1 ROOF
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Cooling Load in Building 3.2 OPAQUE WALL
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Cooling Load in Building 3.3 GLASS
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Cooling Load in Building 4.4 INFILTRATION
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Cooling Load in Building 3.5 APPLIENCES AND
LIGHTING FIGURES
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Cooling Load in Building 3.6 USER
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SOURCES OF COOLING LOAD
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4. COOLING LOAD CALCULATION
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Heat Flow Through Opaque Wall
Q U A T Q HEAT ( Btu/H ) U Conduction
Coefficient ( Btu/H F sq.ft ) A Area ( sq.ft
) T Temperature Different ( F )
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U - Value of wall
U 1.04 Single glass (no indoor shade)
U 0.691 Single wood wall
U 0.581 Brick wall 4
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U-VALUE Calculation
R1 0.25
R2 0.1
R3 0.44
R4 0.1
R5 0.68
Total R 1.57 U 1/R total 0.64 Btu/ H F sq.ft
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Cooling Load Calculation
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Usable area 100 sq.m., 1076 sq.ft. Opaque wall
72 sq.m., 774.7 sq.ft. Glass 48 sq.m., 516.48
sq.ft.
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10
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U 0.64 Btu/H F sq.ft A 774.7 sq.ft T
98.6-77 28.6 F
Q U A T
Q 14,180 Btu/h
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COOLING LOAD DIFFERENT OF WITH AND WITHOUT SUN
LID
42 C
Outside 37 C, 98.6 F
Inside 25 C, 77 F
37 C
HEAT LOAD DIFFERENT
With Sun lid
25 C
Without sun lid
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Q U A CLTD
CLTD COOLING LOAD TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE
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COOLING LOAD
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COOLING LOAD 1. ROOF 40,099 Btu/h 2.
OPAQUE 14, 180 Btu/h 3. GLASS 88,029
Btu/h 4. INFILLTRATION 9,610 Btu/h 5.
APPLIENCES AND LIGHTING 3,412 Btu/h 6. USER
900 Btu/h TOTAL 156,230 Btu/h
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TOTAL 156,230 Btu/h 1 TON OF AIR CON.
12,000 Btu/h TOTAL 13 TON USABLE AREA 100
SQ.M. 7.7 SQ.M./TON
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EFFICIENCY OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM COP(
COEEFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE )
COOLING LOAD
ELECTRICITY
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EFFICIENCY OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
(Btu/Watt)
No. 1
No. 2
No. 3
No. 4
No. 5
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COOLING LOAD VS ENERGY
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(HEAT)
(ELEC.)
POWER
LOAD
ELECTRICITY AND COOLING LOAD
APPLIENCES
1 kW
1 kW
10 kW
BUILDING AND USERS
11 kW
COP
3.5 kW
1 kW
4.5 kW
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EFFICIENCY OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM COP 2.8 (
NO. 4 )
12,000 Btu/h

2.8
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY 4,286 Btu/h, 1256 Watt
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Heat Flow Through Insulation
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
Wall Temperature of Traditional Thai House with
and without Sunlight
Outside Wall with sunlit
Outside
Inside
Outside Wall without sunlight
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Wall Temperatures of Traditional Thai House
C
F
Outside Wall Temperature with sunlit
Outside Air Temperature
Outside Wall Temperature without sunlit
Time
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
?????????????????????????? (Self shading)
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? ???????? Self shading
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
?????????????????????????????? (Roof angle and
surface temperature)
1
2
3
Q1 gt Q2 gt Q3
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
Roof surface temperature different with different
angles
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
Roof angles with night sky radiation
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Wall Temperatures of Traditional Thai House
F
C
Roof surface Temperature North-side (20 degree
angle)
Roof surface Temperature North-side (50 degree
angle)
Outside Air Temperature
Time
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??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????? ???????????
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
??????????????????????????????????
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?????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
form)
??????????????????????????????????
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????????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
zoning)
Traditional Thai House with natural ventilation
from deck
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????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
mass in building)
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????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
mass in building)
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????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
mass in building)
Effects of High mass wall of Thai Temple
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????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
mass in building)
Effects of High mass wall of Thai Temple
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????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
mass in building)
Thermal mass from earth with low Mean Radiant
Temperature (MRT)
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????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
mass in building)
Thermal mass from earth with consistence Mean
Radiant Temperature (MRT)
Season lag from ground temperature
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??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????? (Effects of MRT)
High pitch roof of Traditional Thai house with
less angle factors
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??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????? (Effects of MRT)
Roof design to reduce heat gain to building
during Day Time
Sun ray in the afternoon
Sun ray at noon
Roof radiation
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??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????? (Effects of MRT)
?????????????????????????????????????????????????
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??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????? (Effects of MRT)
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??????????????????????????????????? (Effects of
buildings infiltration )