Presentation on Pumps

1
Presentation on Pumps

• By
• G.MURALIKRISHNA
• EE(E) BSNL ED-1

2
An Overview

• Types of Pumps
• Features of various Pumps
• Selection of pumps
• Performance Calculation
• Flow control strategies
• Energy saving measures in Pumps

3
Types of Pumps

• Dynamic Pumps
• Centrifugal
• Special effect pumps
• Displacement Pumps
• Rotary
• Reciprocating

4
Order of Preference

• Centrifugal
• Rotary
• Reciprocating

5
Pumps Used in Building Services

• Sump Pumps
• Monobloc
• Bore well Pumps
• Submersible Pumps
• Jet Pumps

6
Centrifugal Pumps

• Very simple design
• Two main parts are the impeller and the diffuser
• Impellers
• Bronze
• poly carbonate
• cast iron
• stainless steel

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Pressure developed by the Pump

• depends upon
• Impeller dia
• No.of impellers
• size of the impeller eye
• shaft speed

8
Size of the pump

• Depends on
• Head
• Capacity

9
Advantages of centrifugal Pump

• Very efficient
• Produce smooth and even flow
• Reliable with good service life

10
Disadvantages

• Loss of priming easily
• Efficiency depends upon operating design head
  speed.

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Submersible Pumps

• Centrifugal pump closely coupled with motor
• Does not require long drive shaft
• Motor operates at a cooler temperature.
• Noiseless operation.
• High efficiency
• Smooth and even flow
• In case of repair full pump to be removed.

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Jet Pumps

• Combination of a surface centrifugal pump, nozzle
  and venturi arrangement.
• Used in small dia bore wells.
• Simple design
• Low purchase and maintenance cost.
• Easy accessibility to all moving parts.
• Low efficiency.

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DSM measures to reduce consumption in pumps

• Demand side management measures
• Use of friction less foot valve.
• Use of HDPE pipes
• Use of appropriate capacitor.
• Use of higher size suction pipe compared to
  delivery pipe.

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Pump Performance calculation

• Overall Efficiency Hydraulic power ( P2) X
  100/ Power input ( P1)
• Pump efficiency. Hydraulic power ( P2) X
  100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3)
• Hydraulic Power ( P2) Q X Total Head ( hd -
  hs ) X p X g / 1000
• Q discharge in m³/s

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• p density of fluid in kg/ m³
• g acceleration due to gravity ( m/s²)
• P1 1.732 X V X I X pf
• P3 P1 X eff.of motor.

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Key Parameter for determining efficiency

• Flow
• Head
• Power

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Flow Measurement Techniques

• Tracer Method
• Ultrasonic flow measurement
• Tank filling method
• Installation of online flow meter

18
Determination of total head

• Suction head
• measured from pump inlet pressure gauge reading
• Discharge head
• This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr.
  gauge

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Typical name plate details of pump

• Pumps (Monoblock Pumps used for Drinking water)
• Sl.No ITEM Pump1 Pump2
• 1 Make Beacon Beacon
• 2 Capa hp/kW 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7)
• 3 Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm 65/50 mm
• 4 Head 25 m
  25 m

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Typical name plate details of pump

• 5 Discharge 8 L/s 8 L/s
• 6 Amps 8
  8
• 7 Overall Efficiency 47
  47

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Typical performance calculations

• PUMP EFFICIENCY CALCULATION SHEET
• SL.NO. ITEM Pump1 Pump2 Units
• 1 Voltage 406 407 volts
• 2 Current 6.0 6.6 amps
• 3 P.F 0.83 0.82
• 4 Power input 3.5 3.48 KW

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Typical performance calculations

• 5 Dis. Head 22.2 22.2 m
• 6 Suc.Head 2.2 2.2 m
• 7 discharge 8 8 L/s
• 8 Hyd.Power 1.57 1.57 KW
• 9 Pump Effi. 44.85 45.10

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Typical observations/ Recommendations

• 1. Replace the existing discharge line with the
  50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction losses.
• 2. Provide water level switch to switch off the
  pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled.
• 3. Replace the existing pump sets with high
  efficiency pump sets.

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Factors to be considered from user side

• Size pump correctly
• Operate close to the best efficiency point.
• Size all piping and valves correctly
• Avoid all leakages.

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Flow control Strategies

• Varying speed
• Pumps in parallel
• stop/start control
• Flow control valve
• By pass control valve
• Trimming impeller
• Use of VFDS

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Energy conservation opportunities in pumping

• Operate pump near best efficiency point.
• Replace old pumps by energy efficient pumps
• Reduce system resistance by pressure drop
  assessment and pipe size optimization.
• Provide booster pump for few areas of higher
  head.

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Energy conservation opportunities in pumping

• Conduct water balance to minimize water
  consumption.
• Ensure availability of instruments like pressure
  gauges, flow meters.
• Repair seals and packing to minimize water loss.
• Avoid valves in discharge side as far as
  possible.
• Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.

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Thank You