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ANTEBELLUM SLAVERY

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... Economy. King Cotton. Plantation Life. Non-Gentry Class ... Non Gentry Class. Small slave owner: 88% below 20 slaves ... Why support Gentry? 1) racial hierarchy ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ANTEBELLUM SLAVERY


1
ANTEBELLUM SLAVERY
  • Southern Economy
  • King Cotton
  • Plantation Life
  • Non-Gentry Class
  • Slave Family

2
Southern Economy
  • Upper South Tobacco, diversified crops
  • Lower South rice, indigo, sugar, cotton
  • Cotton Growth Cotton Gin, short staple
  • Shift South 1830s Cotton Belt,
  • King Cotton 1840 1.35 m bales, 1860 4.5
  • ¾ of worlds cotton, over 50 US exports
  • Huge Profits 10 year over year

3
Southern Economy II
  • Second Middle Passage 1 million sold
  • into Deep South, many families split-up
  • Price of male slave increases up to 2,000
  • Concentration of Plantations
  • 1860 25 of South whites owned slaves
  • Only about 3 had 20 to 50 slaves
  • Great Planters political control of South
  • Transportation relied on rivers, few rails
  • Education much less than north

4
Plantation
5
Slave Auction
6
Auction Posting
7
Plantation Life and Culture
  • Chivalry English aristocracy the model
  • Paternalism Father of extended family
  • The plantation was an independent unit
  • Slave Hierarchy house slave, field slave
  • Gang Labor Overseer, Driver, task system
  • Punishment Reward
  • Stick whipping and threat of sale
  • Carrot own plot, less hours, rent out

8
Non Gentry Class
  • Small slave owner 88 below 20 slaves
  • Most 2 or 3 slaves worked, ate, slept w slave
  • Yeoman Farmer 75 whites no slaves
  • Hills, backwoods, rented land, diverse crops
  • poor white trash, Ozarks, Appalachians
  • Why support Gentry? 1) racial hierarchy
  • 2) had many rights, 3) dreamed of owning slaves
    4) did not want to compete with freed slaves

9
Slave Houses
10
4 Africans to N. America (pg 75) 500,000 /11
million, 4 m in 1860
11
Slave Family
  • Standard of Living lower than north, but not
    much lower than N. working class
  • Family over 50 nuclear family, child worked at
    10, plantation family
  • Religion Christianity(after 1840s) African
  • influences, black church source of strength
  • Slave economy garden, home man.
  • Slave Resistance open and clandestine
  • Nat Turner 1831,
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