Mixtures

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Mixtures
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Properties of Mixtures

• Mixture
• Combination of 2 or more substances that are not
  chemically combined.
• Each substance in a mixture has the same chemical
  makeup it had before the mixture
• Distillation separates mixture based on boiling
  point (salt water)
• Centrifuge separates mixture based on Density
• Formed using any ratio of components

Separating Mixtures
Ratio of Components in a Mixture
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Solutions

• Solution
• Mixture that appears to be a single substance.
• May be solid, liquid, or gas
• Particles of two or more substances that are
  distributed evenly among each other.
• Dissolve
• Process in which particles separate and spread
  evenly throughout the mixture
• Solute
• Substance that is dissolved
• (salt, sugar)
• Soluble- able to dissolve
• Insoluble not able to dissolve and forms a
  mixture that is not a solution
• Solvent
• Substance in which the solute is dissolved
• Water
• Particles in a solution
• Never settle out
• Cannot be removed by filtering
• Dont scatter light

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Concentration of Solutions

• Concentration
• Measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a
  solvent
• Expressed in g/ml
• Concentrated or Dilute
• Dilute contains smaller amounts of solute
• Concentrate contains larger amounts of solute
• Solubility
• Ability of the solute to dissolve in a solvent at
  a certain temperature.
• May change with temperature
• Dissolving Gases in Liquids
• Gases are more soluble in liquids at lower
  temperatures
• Soda goes flat faster when warm
• Dissolving Solids Faster in Liquids
• Mix
• Heat
• Crush

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Suspension

• Suspension
• Mixture in which particles of material are
  dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are
  large enough that they settle out.
• Scatter or block light
• Separated by filtering

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Colloids

• Colloid
• Mixture in which the particles are dispersed
  throughout but are not heavy enough to settle
  out.
• Particles are small and well mixed
• Scatter light
• Cannot be filtered
• Gelatin (Jello)
• Milk
• Mayonnaise
• Silly Putty