russia was unprepared both militarily and technologically f

1
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

• From Czar to Communism
• Chapter 16 Section 3 Pg 514-520

Vladimir Lyich Lenin
Czar Nicholas II Romanov
2
Russia was unprepared both Militarily and
Technologically for WWI

• Czar Nicholas II took charge of the failing army.
  He had no training nor experience.
• Russian industry could not produce the needed
  weapons for the troops.
• The Russian will to fight was dampened by lack of
  leadership, few supplies and nearly two million
• soldiers killed in battle.
  Pg. 514

3
Czar Nicholas II of the Romanov family in charge
by title only

• The Czar relied on the military and bureaucracy
  to govern Russia but understood little of the
  people.
• The Czars wife was a German Aristocrat. She was
  described as willful, stubborn and a gritch
  (cross between a witch and a grouch.)

The youngest son Alexis had hemophilia, a
disorder which does not allow blood to clot.
Czarina Alexandra relied heavily on a man named
Rasputin for guidance during the Czars absence
to tend to war.
4
RASPUTIN The Mad Monk or Mystic? He Claimed to
be a holy man or Staret (??????) a monk
confessor. However, he was an uneducated Siberian
peasant.
 

• While the Czar was at the war front, Rasputin
  became close to Alexandra. He appeared to be the
  only person who was able to stop the hemophilia
  bleeding episodes of the Czarinas son Alexi.
• She would consult him on all important matters
  including the running of government affairs.
• Both the aristocrats who supported the monarchy,
  and the common people placed little faith in
  Rasputin. This lead to his eventual
  assassination. Being a strong man, it took two
  methods to kill him gunshot and drowning!
• Pg. 515

Rasputin Clip 8 min
5
THE MARCH REVOLUTION

• Women who worked in factories in Petrograd
  (St. Petersburg) stood in line after a 12 hour
  shift to purchase insanely priced bread.
• 10,000 women marched with
• the slogan Peace and Bread
• Down with Autocracy. The women
• were joined by other workers creating a general
  strike.
• Czars solution was to fire upon the crowds but
  the soldiers joined the movement instead!

Pg. 515 to 516
6
THE DUMA REACTS!

• The legislative body of Russian government is
  called the Duma. It is an imperial elected body
  with sessions only when needed. The Duma met to
  discuss a new provisional government and urged
  the czar to step down since he no longer had the
  support of the army, the aristocrats, or the
  working poor.
• Abdication is when the King or Queen steps down
  as ruler.

The new leader Kerensky accepted the Czars
abdication ending 300 years of Romanov rule on
March 15,1917. Page 517
7
The Provisional Government has more than
one challenge!

• Kerensky decides to continue with a commitment to
  both Britain and France. Russia remains engaged
  in WWI based on the
• honor of the Russian people which continues
  to draw on limited resources.
• A political challenge errupted from local
  Soviets made up of workers and soldiers. These
  groups were mainly in rural areas involving
  socialist with radical opinions. Later, this
  group became stronger and were labeled as
  Bolsheviks. They were associated with the
  Marxist party which was then called the Russian
  Social Democrats.
• Pg. 516 - 517

Karl Marx "The history of all hither to existing
society is the history of class struggles. Marx
believed that future capitalism would be replaced
by communism.
8
Bolsheviks need a leader and the Germans
Agree Lenin

• Lenin directed the Bolsheviks into embracing
  violence as a means to revolution from his home
  in Switzerland. Capitalism was to be squashed in
  lieu of socialism in the form of communism.
• German military leaders shipped Lenin to Russia
  from Switzerland by rail to create disorder
  within Russia. Lenin saw the opportunity in
  March of 1917 with the downfall of the czar, and
  the discontent of the soldiers, workers and
  peasants.

Vladimir Ilyich Ulianov Better known as Lenin
Page 517
9
BOLSHEVIKS REFLECT THE PEOPLES NEEDS AND
DISCONTENT

• Lenin revitalized slogans from the
• mad mothers march to influence
• Russians by propaganda posters.
• Peace, Land, Bread
• Workers Control Production
• All Power to the Soviets
• The Bolsheviks promised an end to the war, the
  redistribution of all land to peasants, transfer
  of
• factories and industries from capitalists to
  committees
• of workers, and the transfer of power from
  provisional government to the soviets. Pg. 517

10
BOLSHEVIKS SEIZE POWER

• A COUP WITHOUT BLOODSHED - Lenin takes over the
  provisional government at the Winter Palace
• in St. Petersburg on
• November 6, 1917.
• Bolsheviks renamed
• themselves the Communists.
• Lenin had promised peace so The Hermitage
• he signed the Treaty of Museum is
  housed
• Brest-Litovsk which returned in the
  Winter
• E. Poland Ukraine, Finland and Palace
• the Baltic provinces to Germany.
  Pg. 518

Lenin and the Bolsheviks 3 min.
11
CIVIL WARRed VS White

• Red army was associated with Bolshevik, communism
  and pro-Lenin Petrograd and Moscow. (Official
  State Religion)

• White army was associated with Anti-communism,
  loyal Czarists, and anti-Lenin form of Socialism
  Siberia and the Baltics.

1918 to 1921
12
Communism meant death to any personal liberties
and the end of Imperial rule the Czar and his
family must die.

• Red Army Clip-No Personal Expression
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vE6raF7kcJJs
• Dr. Zhivago -Omar Sharif is confronted by
  Strelnicoff
• Lenin saw the Royal family as a threat and had
  them executed. Pg. 518
• Death to all Romanovs! 4min

13
LEON TROSKY The strong arm of Lenin

• As commissar of war, Trotsky reinstated the draft
  and insisted on rigid discipline. Soldiers who
  deserted or refused to obey orders were executed
  on the spot.
• The whites were without a common goal and not as
  well supplied or armed. Inspired by a new
  socialism and revolutionary zeal, the communists
  had complete control of Russia by 1921 in part
  due to Trosky, in part due to Lenins idealogy.
  Pg. 519

14
Communists In Control

• War Communism was employed control over banks,
  grain production and centralization of state
  administration.
• Red secret police (Cheka) removed any and all
  opposition to communism by fear through force.
• Appealing to Russian nationalism, the communists
  used the presence of foreign armies on Russian
  soil as proof of the intentions of the allies to
  control the country.

Russian Flag from 1914 -1917
Russian Revolution 8min.
Current Flag of Russia
The design of the flag is over 300 years old and
was first used by Peter the Great. It was the
official flag of Russia from May 7, 1883, until
November 1917, when the communist Bolshevik
revolution took place. When the communist regime
fell, the old tri-color flag was reinstated.