Global Extension Study Results

1
Global Extension Study Results
Mary Holz-Clause, Mona Othman, Jack Payne,
Sok Leng Tan
2
Background

• US Cooperative Extension is one of many
• organizations dealing with the globalization
  dynamic.
• In response, ISU extension revitalized the
  initiative of
• globalizing extension.
• The first step in this initiative was concerned
  with
• building and assessing the individual
  capacity within
• ISU Extension in regards to globalizing
  extension.

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• A study has been conducted with
• the objectives of
• Reviewing the history of ISU Extension personnel
  engagement in global efforts.
• Assessing the current engagement of ISU
• Extension personnel in global efforts.
• Assessing the willing of ISU Extension staff and
• faculty to continue their engagement in global
• efforts.

4
The goals of the study were to

• Identify the areas of expertise of ISU Extension
  staff and faculty.
• Identify the most visited countries or regions by
  ISU Extension staff and faculty.
• Describe ISU Extension staff and faculty
  attitudes toward the importance of global
  extension.

5

• The ultimate goal of the study was to build a
  strong base of individual capacity in which ISU
  Global Extension launches its effort.
• One important aspect of this goal is to prepare
  personnel who are ready to work in a strongly
  interdependent world.
• Are there others doing the same thing out there?

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Pilot study

• Prior to conducting the study, a pilot test was
  done. A purposeful sample of Extension staff and
  faculty who were heavily involved internationally
  was selected. Staff and
• faculty were asked similar question to those
  asked in the survey.
• This type of sample is referred to as a panel of
  expertise sample.
• The purpose of the pilot study was to
• Initiate the efforts of developing database of
  staff
• global efforts
• Test the survey questions

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• A survey was sent to all ISU Extension
• staff and faculty.
• Response rate was 25
• Respondents were asked to
• List the countries where they have worked or
  assisted.
• State the duration and year of their effort
• Explain the nature of their efforts in the
  countries they worked in.
• List the funding sources of their effort.
• Identify the outcomes of their effort.

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Extension Staff Previous Global Experience

• The majority of respondents indicated previous
  experience outside
• the United States
• 56 of the respondents indicated previous
  experience
• outside the United States in one country.
• 34 of the respondents indicated previous
  experience
• outside the United States in more than one
  country.
• 24 of the respondents indicated previous
  experience
• outside the United States in more than two
  countries.
• 14 of the respondents indicated previous
  experience
• outside the United States in more than three
  countries.
• 11 of the respondents indicated previous
  experience
• outside the United States in more than four
  countries

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Countries Where ISU Extension Staff Worked

• The most frequently mentioned countries were
• (The numbers also represent the trips made
• to that country by the same or different
  individuals)

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Most Frequently Mentioned Countries

• Countries mentioned 10 times or more
• Mexico (31 times)
• China (14 times)
• Countries mentioned 5 times or more
• Ukraine (9 times)
• Russia (9 times)
• Japan (8 times)
• Canada (6 times)
• Costa Rica (6 times)
• Denmark (5 times)
• Netherland (5 times)

11
Most Frequently Mentioned countries

• Countries mentioned 4 times
• Argentina (4 times)
• Bulgaria (4 times)
• Cuba (4 times)
• Germany (4 times)
• Guatimala (4 times)
• Indonesia (4 times)
• Venzevuela (4 times)
• Singapore (4 times)
• Countries mentioned 3 times
• Brazil (3 times)
• Czech Republic and Slovakia (3 times)
• India (3 times)
• Peru (3 times)
• Scotland (3 times)
• Tanzania (3)

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Most Frequently Mentioned Countries

• Countries mentioned 2 times
• Ecuador (2 times)
• Finland (2 times)
• Jamaica (2 times)
• Malaysia (2 times)
• Rwanda (2 times)
• Tanzania (2 times)

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Most Frequently Mentioned Countries

• Countries were mentioned only one time
• Afghanistan, Austria, Armenia, England,
  Equatorial Guinea, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iraq,
  Iran, Kenya, Rwanda, Uruguay, Vietnam, West
  Central Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

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Duration

• Duration of the visit to the foreign country
  ranged from as short as 7
• days to as long as 6 months.
• Duration of engagement in overseas projects
  revealed long term engagement reached 10 years.

15
ISU Staffs Global Efforts

• In their outreach experiences, staff and faculty
• members worked as
• Researchers
• went for laboratory or field research, or data
• gathering.
• Problem-solvers and consultants
• were asked to visit the host country to solve a
• specific problem.
• Recruiters
• recruited undergraduate and graduate students.

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ISU Staffs Global Efforts

• In their outreach experiences, staff and faculty
  members
• worked as
• Teachers
• taught youth, communities, and students about
• agriculture, health, financial management,
  veterinary
• medicine, and English language.
• Learners
• gained knowledge about other countries and
  cultures.
• Explorers
• came back with more opportunities for further
• collaboration.
• Marketers
• promoted Iowa agricultural products.

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Selected Examples of ISU Extension Global Projects

• 4-H exchange programs
• IFYE - International 4-H Youth Exchange
• Netherlands, Paraguay
• Hosting and developing 4-H and LABO exchange
  programs
• Japan
• Agronomy
• Enhancing young farmers programs
• Australia
• Hybrid corn comparisons, community gardening,
  pesticide training
• Mexico
• Agronomy training and evaluation
• Brazil

18
Selected Examples of ISU Extension Global
Projects continued

• Bio-diesel
• Malaysia
• Business relations
• Agriculture production, cost analysis for
• agricultural commodities
• India, Germany
• Animal Science
• Swine and Dairy Production
• Mexico
• Sustainable and organic agriculture
• Cuba, Peru

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Selected Examples of ISU Extension Global Efforts

• Education
• Developing undergraduate degree program in
  agriculture
• China
• Developing an entire degree program and
  communicating
• with private schools
• Hong King
• Enhancing undergraduate internship program
• Australia
• Distance education training
• Canada
• Leading Internship Education Research and
  Educational Seminars
• Mexico
• TIES Project ISU/University of Colima (UC)
  partnership
• Mexico
• Graduate and undergraduate student recruitment

20
Selected Examples of ISU Extension Global Efforts
continued

• Teaching
• English language assistant
• Austria
• Teaching poultry diseases
• China
• Advising and research
• China, Kenya, Mexico, Egypt
• Teaching tropical crops entomology
• Costa Rica
• study immersion with Extension to Families
• Mexico

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Selected Examples of ISU Extension Global Efforts
and Projects continued

• Consulting
• Agricultural projects
• China, South Africa, Zambia
• Women and health issues
• India
• Youth and community development
• Germany
• Water Quality
• Water conservation and pollution prevention
• Armenia, Russia

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Outcomes of Selected Global Projects

• Water conservation and pollution prevention
  plans were developed for 5 Armenian Dairy
  processing plants
• (Armenia)
• Enhanced undergraduate internship programs and
• Young Farmer Programs (Australia)
• Educated future Austrian English teachers about
  the
• United States and its culture, language, and
  food (Austria)
• Informal distance education training was set up
  in communities in Canada (Canada)
• Many ISU research and Mobility Programs were
  resulted (China)

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Outcomes of Selected Global Projects Continued

• 1000 youth completed in family exchange
  programs (Japan)
• Collegial relationships with faculty and staff
  was developed (Scotland)
• New business opportunities in Bio-diesel were
• developed (Malaysia)
• Cultural and language exchange programs were
  completed (Germany)
• Three reports were published distributed in
  twenty countries (Netherlands)
• Product registration for global markets
  (Brazil)
• Extension training modules, leadership for
  extension research project, and resource
  management programs were completed (Mexico)

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Summary of Selected Outcomes

• Education
• Students and faculty members exchange
• programs
• Completed degrees in ISU
• Enhanced experiential learning programs
• Developed curriculum
• Enhanced partnership
• Research
• Improved crop production techniques
• increased awareness of pesticide handling
  techniques
• Publications journals and reports.

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Summary of Outcomes

• Rural Development
• Establishing cooperatives
• Establishing 4-H programs
• Starting family vegetable gardens
• Improved nutrition
• Developed training modules
• Conferences/seminars
• Annual/semi meetings

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Growing Areas in Extension and Outreach

• Food security
• Womens issues
• Youth development
• Health issues
• Water quality

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Foreign Languages Fluency

• Second languages spoken, read, or written by ISU
  Extension staff and faculty
• 16 of respondents are fluent in a second
  language.
• Arabic, Chinese, Croatia, Czech, Danish, French,
  Japanese, German, Greek, Hindi, Mandarin,
  Norwegian, Russian, Spanish, and Swahili.

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Areas of Expertise

• The majority of respondents areas of expertise
  agricultural
• and life science.
• 4-H and Youth Development
• Accounting
• Adult learning and teaching
• Agricultural and Environmental Engineering
• Agricultural Economics
• Agricultural production
• Agronomy
• Animal Science
• Business Development
• Communication
• Family and consumer science
• Food safety
• Health issues

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Areas of Expertise

• Human nutrition
• Horticulture
• Livestock production
• Marketing
• Plant pathology
• Quantitative genetics
• Rural and community development
• Soil Science
• Swine Nutrition and Production
• Value-Added agriculture
• Waste Management
• Water Quality

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Funding Agencies

• ACDI/VCOA
• Ag Experiment Station
• American Friends Service Committee
• ANR Extension
• Argentinean Producers Associations
• Association for Communication Excellence
• Bank Scotland
• Cargill
• China Ministry of Agriculture
• County/Federal Tax
• Course tuition
• Families Extension
• Foreign Agricultural Service
• Foreign Employer
• Heifer Project
• International Harvester
• International Science Education Program
• Iowa Farm Bureau
• Iowa Pork Industry

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Funding Agencies

• Iowa State University and MTT Agri-Food Finland
• Jane Ann Stout grant
• Kellogg Foundation
• Mexican Pork Federation
• MSU Extension and Canadian Ag Ministry
• National 4-H
• NATO
• Near East Foundation
• North Dakota FCA
• Partnership of the Americas, Iowa Sister States
• Partnership with Vet Med and Colima
• Peace Corps
• Personal/self funded (mentioned more than 10
  times)
• Special Olympics Games
• State Department
• State of Iowa
• Student Program Fees
• Study Abroad
• UDLP

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ISU Extension Staff and Facultys Perception
Regarding Global Extension

• ISU Extension staff and faculty have a positive
  attitude toward global extension
• 37 of ISU Extension staff and faculty believe
  that global extension is extremely important
• 47 of ISU Extension staff and faculty believe
  that global extension is important
• 10 were not sure
• 5 believe that global extension does not matter
  that much
• 1 believe that global extension is not
  important

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ISU Extension Staff and Facultys Perception
Regarding Global Extension

• Reasons stated by ISU Extension staff and faculty
  
• regarding why global extension is important
• I see many possibilities. We live in a global
  economy now-two
• of my three children work in international
  business (one has traveled
• to several countries) my brother travels the
  world for his company.
• We exist in a global environment that must be
  understood and embraced.
• Today we live in a global economy and the better
  we
• understand it the better we will be able to serve
  and improve
• the quality of life of our local citizens. Our
  citizens and
• communities are in a rapid time of change. The
  more we can learn
• and help others to learn how to adapt to change
  in order to meet
• their needs, again, the better we will be able to
  serve
• the people in our own communities.

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ISU Extension Staff and Facultys Perception
Regarding Global Extension

• Reasons stated by ISU Extension staff and faculty
  regarding why global extension is important
• Extension employees have vast knowledge in many
  areas that has great value. In the past our
  clients have been the citizens of the state of
  Iowa but today the clients could be anywhere in
  the world. If we are to stay relevant, we must
  market our services to clients where ever we can
  find them.
• Globalizing extension will improve our ability
  to maintain our standard of living. Through
  globalization we will be better able to
  understand how we should develop our resources so
  they can blend into the globalize environment.

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ISU Extension Staff and Facultys Perception
Regarding Global Extension

• Reasons stated by ISU Extension staff and faculty
  regarding why global extension is not important
• If dollars were not a limiting factor, I might
  answer differently.
• As is, too many un-served or underserved
  audiences already
• exist in this country.
• It depends. It should still provide some benefits
  to taxpayers of Iowa
• Reasons stated by ISU Extension staff and faculty
  regarding why they are not sure about the
  importance
• of global extension
• I haven't heard about this topic before and am
  interested in hearing more about how it would be
  done, before I would
• commit to helping with it.

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History and Future of Global Extension in Iowa
State

• History of ISU Extension personnel engagement in
  global efforts.
• ISU extension has a strong previous involvement
  globally. Global
• extension is revitalized and strengthened, not
  invented.
• The majority of respondents indicated previous
  experience
• outside the United States.
• Assessing the current engagement of ISU Extension
  personnel in global efforts.
• Many of the respondents indicated current
  experience outside
• the United States.
• Willing of ISU Extension staff and faculty to
  continue
• their engagement in global efforts. (84)

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Recommendations

• Develop targeted messages about globalizing
  extension that raise awareness of global
  Extension importance and benefits for all
  collaborators.
• Utilize the expertise of the current human
  resources capacity and build on it.
• Focus on the projects that resulted in outcomes
  or more visits.
• Identify the strategic countries that were added
  in State Department.
• Contact funding agencies to explore current
  projects
• in these countries or replicate current
  projects in
• these countries.