Cartograms and Special Purpose Maps

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Chapter 14

• Cartograms and Special Purpose Maps

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Cartogram

• A cartogram also known as value-by-area mapping
  technique is a type of graphic that depicts
  attributes of geographic objects as the object's
  area and it encodes the mapped data in a simple
  and efficient manner with no data generalization
  or loss of detail.
• Cartograms, while geographically 'inacurate' are
  ideal for representing some kinds of data in
  areas.
• Mapping requirements include the preservation of
  shape, orientation contiguity, and data that have
  suitable variation.
• Cartogram can be drawn by manually or using
  computer means.

http//www.ncgia.ucsb.edu/projects/Cartogram_Centr
al/index.html
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Types of cartograms

• Non-contiguous
• the geographic objects do not have to maintain
  connectivity with their adjacent objects.
• Contiguous
• the reverse is true- topology is maintained (the
  objects remain connected with each other) but
  this causes great distortion in shape
• Dorling cartograms
• maintains neither shape, topology nor object
  centroids
• will replace the objects with a uniform shape,
  usually a circle, of the appropriate size.

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Transportation Maps
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Transportation Cartogram
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Distance Matrix
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Weather Map
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Weather (Temp) Map
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Historical Map (Old map)
Available at museums
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History Map (Modern map of History)
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Tactual Map
Tactual Maps for the blind and vision impaired
people
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Newspaper Map
To pinpoint the concern location or Area
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Map of Moon
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Map of Mars
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Map of Mars
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Comparison between Thematic map and Cartogram
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http//www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb43.htmlf2
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Raise Area/Volumetric Cartogram