Synchronization and Controlled Breeding Programs for Dairy Herds

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Synchronization and Controlled Breeding Programs
for Dairy Herds
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Potential Benefits of Controlled Breeding Programs

• Improve efficiency of heat detection
• Control timing of first service postpartum
• Reduce variation of calving intervals
• Reduce reproductive culling
• Concentrate labor need to certain times
• Improve reproductive performance

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Products for Synchronization

• Prostaglandin Products
• Lutalyse Pharmacia Animal Health
• Estrumate Schering-Plough
• ProstaMate Phoenix Scientific
• In-Synch
• Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone GnRH
• Cystorelin Merial
• Fertagyl Intervet
• Factrel Fort Dodge
• Ovacyst

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What Does Prostaglandin Do?

• Naturally occurring hormone produced by the
  uterus
• Released on Day 17 of cycle when no embryo is
  present and causes regression of the CL (the CL
  produces progesteronethe hormone of pregnancy)
• Animal returns to heat in 2-5 days
• Same thing happens when it is injected into an
  animal with CL
• Abortifacient

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Prostaglandin Uses

• Synchronization of estrus
• Treatment of silent estrus
• Treatment of uterine infections
• Treatment of cystic ovaries (luteal)
• Abortion of feedlot heifers

- Labeled uses
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Hours to Estrus after PG Injection
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What Does GnRH Do?

• Naturally occurring hormone
• Causes follicular growth and ovulation
• GnRH effect on large follicle causes ovulation
• GnRH effect on small follicle causes follicular
  regression and the start of a new follicular wave

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GnRH Uses

• Treatment of follicular cysts
• Synchronize ovulation
• Initiate a new follicular wave

- Labeled Use
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BasicOvsynch Protocol
Ovulation Start a New Follicular Wave
Regress Corpus Luteum (CL) and accessory CL
Synchronize Ovulation
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Pre-Synch Protocol
Cows are on Days 5-9 of cycle. New Follicular
wave started
Clean Up Shot
Synchronization
Synchronized follicular wave. Regression of CL
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Presynch vs Ovsynch

• Helps insure cows are in the right stage of
  estrous cycle when Ovsynch is started
• 85 ovulation rate vs 54 ovulation rate
• Synchronization rate 92 greater
• Results in improved fertility at subsequent
  Ovsynch breeding
• Expected first service pregnancy rate with
  Presynch is around 42 vs Ovsynch at 32

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Ovsynch CIDR

• Controlled Internal Drug Release CIDR
• U of I Reasearch 56 day pregnancy rate for
  Ovsynch CIDR of 55 as compared to Ovsynch
  alone of 35
• CIDR costs around 9.25

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DAY 0 Insert CIDR and inject GnRH DAY 7 Remove
CIDR and Inject with PGF2a DAY 9 Inject GnRH
and Timed AI
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Points to Remember

• A synchronization program requires the farm
  operator to understand the biology of the
  protocol they are using
• Timing of injections is critical so accurate
  records and attention to detail is necessary so
  that individual steps in the protocol are
  followed
• Many cows on ovulation synchronizing protocols
  will not show estrus, but should be inseminated
  according to the protocol. If they do show
  estrus they should be pulled from the program and
  bred

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References for Slides University of
Maine www.umaine.u/animlvet/AVS346/Powerpoint/AVS3
4620Lec201220Synchronization.ppt Penn State
University www.das.psu.edu/almquist/archive/DCattR
eprodslides.ppt www.google.com -- images