Chapter 8 Part 2

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Chapter 8 Part 2
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Age of Feudalism

• Started in the 8th 9th centuries
• Political system where kings powerful nobles
  grant land to lesser nobles vassals in return
  for loyalty, military assistance services
• Oldest son inherits the fief - younger sons join
  church or becomes a knight for hire

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Feudalism

• Came about because no strong central government
• Lords granted vassals a fief or estate
• Both lord vassal had certain obligations
  Feudal Contract
• Lord protection justice
• Vassal military service financial obligations

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Feudal warfare

• Knights mounted warriors
• Trained from boyhood
• Age 7 sent to his lord learned to ride fight
  keep armor weapons of knight in good
  condition
• Teen years squire knights assistant
• About 21 ready to become a knight

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Feudal warfare

• Most battles small ( few hundred to couple 1000
  knights)
• Hand to Hand combat typical few killed captured
  held for ransom

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Feudal warfare

• As warfare decreased Tournaments mock battles
  to show off skills

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Castles

• Fortified homes of the lords surrounded by a moat

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Castles

• Castles unpleasant place to live
• Siege of a Castle very bloody

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Women in the age of Feudalism

• Noblewomen could inherit fief but couldnt rule
  it
• Marriage arranged dowry provided by father
• Main duty to raise family supervise household
• Girls learned practical skills spinning etc..

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Eleanor of Aquitaine

• Married to 2 kings Louis VII of France Henry
  II of England
• Mother to a king Richard the Lion Hearted of
  England

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Chivalry

• 11th century code of conduct for knight to
  follow
• Fight bravely for 3 masters feudal lord,
  heavenly lord, chosen lady
• Loyalty to your masters
• Fight fairly
• Protect defend noblewomen
• True to your word

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Chivalry

• Noblewomen held in high regard
• Troubadours helped to elevate women with poems
  and songs

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Chivalry

• Disgraced Knight
• Armor stripped off
• Shield cracked
• Sword broken over his head
• Spurs cut off
• Thrown into a coffin and dragged to a church

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Feudal Justice

• Lords provided justice for both vassals
  peasants
• 2 courts one for peasants one for vassals
• Each tried by his peers
• A bailiff presided over the manor court

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Feudal Justice

• Nobles Trial by combat
• Peasants Trial by ordeal

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Manorial System

• New economic system - tied to feudalism the
  manor
• Included manor house, pastures, a mill, church,
  fields a village of a few dozen 1 room huts
• Large fiefs had several manors where bailiff
  managed smaller estates

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Manorial System

• Manors tried to be self-sufficient produced
  everything they need except salt, iron or
  millstones
• Serfs peasants tied to the land but not
  slaves
• Paid the lord to farm the land labor crops,
  animals eggs, etc.
• Received housing, land food

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