The Elements

1
The Elements

• Hydrogen - Calcium

2
Hydrogen

• Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the
  universe. It is the fuel that burns in stars.
• It is the simplest element.
• Hydrogen is a gas under standard conditions.
• Hydrogen is used for rocket fuel and explosives.

3
Helium

• Helium is a gas under standard conditions and is
  found in all stars.
• Helium is the second most abundant element in the
  universe.
• Helium is used as a lifting gas for balloons and
  airships

4
Lithium

• Lithium is a lightweight metal.
• Lithium is used as part of an alloy to make
  lightweight aircraft.
• Lithium is also used in batteries and medicines
  for psychiatric disorders.

5
Beryllium

• Beryllium is a metal.
• It is used as an alloy for aircraft, rocket fuel
  and in mineral form makes the gems Emerald and
  aquamarine.

6
Boron

• Boron is a metalloid.
• Boron is mostly found in mineral form as the
  mineral borax.
• Boron is used to harden steel and to make rocket
  parts because it resists heat.

7
Carbon

• Carbon is a nonmetal.
• Molecules that contain carbon make up all living
  cells.
• Carbon in different forms is used as charcoal,
  graphite and diamonds.

8
Nitrogen

• Nitrogen is a gas.
• Nitrogen makes up the majority of our atmosphere.
• Nitrogen is used to make ammonia, fertilizers and
  explosives.

9
Oxygen

• Oxygen is a gas.
• Oxygen is the 3rd most abundant element in the
  universe.
• We need to breath oxygen to live. It is also
  used in welding, and making steel.

10
Fluorine

• Fluorine is a gas.
• Fluorine is the most reactive element and is
  rarely found alone.
• Fluorine compounds are used in rat poisons,
  etching glass and refrigerants.

11
Neon

• Neon is a gas.
• Neon is un-reactive and is therefore not a part
  of many molecules.
• Because it glows red when a current is passed
  through it, it is used in lights.

12
Sodium

• Sodium is a metal.
• Sodium is extremely reactive with water.
• Sodium vapor is used as lighting.
• Sodium compounds make up things like baking soda,
  table salt.

13
Magnesium

• Magnesium is a metal.
• Magnesium is used to make lightweight alloys and
  burns with a very bright white light for
  fireworks.

14
Aluminum

• Aluminum is a metal.
• Aluminum is used to make aluminum foil, alloys
  and wires.

15
Silicon

• Silicon is a metalloid.
• Silicon is used in making glass, quartz.
• Silicon is also used in memory chips in computers
  and semi-conductors.

16
Phosphorus

• Phosphorus is a non- metal.
• Phosphorus is used in fireworks, detergents
  (brightens), fertilizers.

17
Sulfur

• Sulfur is a non-metal.
• Sulfur is used in gunpowder, paper, matches,
  drugs (antibacterial), paint etc.

18
Chlorine

• Chlorine is a non-metal.
• Chlorine is used as a disinfectant (water
  treatment) and combines with metals to form salts.

19
Argon

• Argon is a gas.
• Argon is very un-reactive and does not form
  compounds.
• Argon is used to fill light bulbs (oxygen would
  corrode the filament)

20
Potassium

• Potassium is a metal.
• Potassium explodes when it comes in contact with
  water.
• Potassium compounds are used in fertilizers.

21
Calcium

• Calcium is a metal.
• Calcium is needed to make bone/teeth.
• Calcium compounds are used to make chalk, cement.