Urinary System

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Urinary System

• Key Terms

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Anasarca

• an??-sahrk?
• Dropsy of the subcutaneous cellular tissue an
  effusion of serum into the cellular substance,
  occasioning a soft, pale, inelastic swelling of
  the skin.

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Azotemia

• az?o-teme-?
• An excess of nitrogenous waste products in the
  blood.

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Cachectic

• kah-kektik
• Pertaining to or characterized by cachexia.
  cachexia (k?-kekse-?)   a profound and marked
  state of constitutional disorder general ill
  health and malnutrition.

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Calculus(i)

• kalku-l?s
• pl. calculi  an abnormal concretion in the body,
  usually composed of mineral salts the usual
  location is in a hollow organ or passage. Called
  also stone.

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Cystitis

• sis-titis
• inflammation of the urinary bladder it may
  result from an ascending infection coming from
  the exterior of the body by way of the urethra,
  or from an infection descending from the kidney.

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Dialysate

• di-al?-sat
• the fluid and solutes in a dialysis process that
  simply flow through the dialyzer and do not pass
  through the semipermeable membrane, being
  discarded along with removed toxic substances
  after they flow back out of the dialyzer.

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Dialysis

• di-al?-sis
• separation of substances in solution by means of
  their unequal diffusion through semipermeable
  membranes

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Erythropoisis

• ?-rith?ro-poi-esis
• the formation of erythrocytes called also
  erythrogenesis

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Fulguration

• ful?gu-rash?n
• destruction of living tissue by electric sparks
  generated by a high-frequency current.

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Ileal conduit

• use of a segment of the ileum for urinary
  diversion from the ureters to replace the urinary
  bladder. The segment is resected from the
  intestine with nerves and blood supply intact
  its proximal end is closed to form a pouch, and
  the ends of the ureters are attached to it. The
  distal end is brought to the outside of the
  abdominal wall and made to form a stoma. The
  remaining ends of the small intestine are
  attached to each other to reestablish bowel
  continuity. Called also urinary ileostomy, ileal
  loop, and Bricker procedure.

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Ileal conduit
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Intravesical

• Within the bladder.

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Litholapaxy

• li-thol?-pak?se
• the crushing of a stone in the bladder and
  washing out of the fragments.

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Lithotripsy

• litho-trip?se
• the crushing of calculi in the bladder, urethra,
  kidney, or gallbladder.

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Micturition

• mik?tu-rish?n
• urination

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Nephrotoxic

• nefro-tok?sik
• destructive to kidney cells

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Nocturnal enuresis

• Urinary incontinence during sleep.

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Overflow incontinence

• Involuntary loss of urine associated with
  overdistention of the bladder.

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Pyelonephritis

• pi??-lo-n?-fritis
• inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis.

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Pyuria

• pi-ure-?
• pus in the urine.

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Renal colic

• sharp pain in the lower back that radiates into
  the groin associated with the passage of a renal
  calculus through the ureter

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Residual urine

• Urine remaining in the bladder at the end of
  micturition, as in cases of prostatic obstruction
  or bladder atony.

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Retroperitoneal

• ret?ro-per?i-to-ne?l
• behind the peritoneum

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Stress incontinence

• urinary incontinence due to strain on the orifice
  of the bladder, as in coughing or sneezing.

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Urge incontinence

• Leakage of urine during a strong desire to void.

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Urinary incontinence

• lack of control of the passage of urine from the
  bladder it can be caused by pathologic,
  anatomic, or physiologic factors affecting the
  urinary tract, as well as by factors entirely
  outside it. Called also enuresis.

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Urinary retention

• The inability to completely void the urinary
  bladder (inability to urinate). The etiology of
  this disorder includes obstructive, neurogenic,
  pharmacologic, and psychogenic causes.

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Urolithiasis

• u?ro-li-thi?-sis
• formation of urinary calculi, or the condition
  associated with urinary calculi.