HIV and AIDS in Nairobi Urban Informal Settlements

1
HIV and AIDS in Nairobi Urban Informal Settlements

• Nyovani Madise, Matilu Mwau, John Kebaso,
  Abdallah Ziraba, Samoel Khamadi, Vincent Okoth

2
Objectives

• To assess feasibility of conducting
  community-based HIV testing in informal urban
  settlements.
• Magnitude of HIV problem in slums and how it
  varies by age, sex, sexual behaviour,
  socio-economic status etc

3
Process

• Ethical clearance (January-May 06)
• Community mobilization (April-August 06)
• Drawing of random sample
• Pilot (Sept - Dec 2006)
• Main study (from January 07)

4
Methods

• Simple random sample of 800 men and women for
  pilot
• DSS framework, women 15-49 men 15-54 years
• Additional 3,400 men and women (ratio of 40 men
  and 60 women) for main study.
• Allowed for non-response attrition (50 larger
  sample).

5
Results Lessons from Pilot

• 66 of 800 were contacted
• 53 bled - 80 of those contacted
• 10 refused to give blood, but interviewed
• 10 refused both

6
Results Lessons from Pilot

• 11 out of 800 not traced but believed to be in
  the area
• 15 had out-migrated
• 1.3 had died
• 4 temporarily away

7
Pilot Results Characteristics of acceptors
8
Pilot Results Characteristics of acceptors
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Main Study- Preliminary Results

• Korogocho
• 32 males bled (sampled has 36)
• Viwandani
• 27 males bled (sample has 40)
• Age differences between sample those bled are
  small

10
HIV Prevalence () by Sex
11
HIV Prevalence () by Age
12
HIV Prevalence () by Ethnicity
13
Concluding Remarks

• Male and female prevalence rates similar
• Higher HIV prevalence among older people in
  Korogocho (especially men)
• Ethnic differences influence of other kin?

14
Acknowledgement

• DSS Community members
• Fieldworkers and Phlebotomists
• The Rockefeller Foundation
• Colleagues from Africa Centre
• and Kisumu DSS sites