The Current Diabetes Epidemic and New Treatment Options

1
The Current Diabetes Epidemic and New Treatment
Options

• Christopher Bader, DO
• 410 Bridge Plaza Drive
• Manalapan, NJ
• [phone]

2
What is Diabetes?How is it Diagnosed?

• Diabetes is an abnormal elevation of blood
  glucose (blood sugar).
• There are 2 types of Diabetes.
• Type 1 Pancreas doesnt make insulin.
• Type 2 Bodys cells are resistant to insulin.
• Diabetes is diagnosed with a blood test. If you
  have a fasting blood sugar greater than 126 or a
  non-fasting blood sugar over 200 on more than one
  occasion, then you meet criteria for having
  diabetes.

3
Diabetes Facts

• 23.6 million Americans have Diabetes, thats 7.8
  of the population.
• Each year there are 1.6 million new cases of
  Diabetes diagnosed in the US.
• The prevalence of Diabetes is expected to reach
  8.9 of the population by 2025.
• Some celebrities with Diabetes include Larry
  King, Halle Berry, Salma Hayek, Patti LaBelle,
  and Mary Tyler Moore.

4
What are the Symptoms of Diabetes?

• Excessive Thirst
• Excessive Hunger
• Frequent Urination
• Weight Loss
• Blurry Vision
• Numbness or Tingling in the Hands or Feet

5
What is the Treatment For Diabetes?

• Diet and exercise modifications is first line
  treatment for diabetes.
• Meidcations
• Metformin (Glucophage) is a first line medication
  for diabetes
• There are a number of other oral agents on the
  market if Metformin is not enough
• Glipizide (Glucotrol)
• Pioglitazone (Actos)
• Repaglinide (Prandin)
• Acarbose (Precose)

6
What is the Treatment For Diabetes?

• Insulin is an option for diabetics who fail oral
  medications. This treatment replaces the insulin
  that your body cannot make, lowering your blood
  sugar.
• Pen insulin dispensers
• have made insulin use
• easier and more
• convenient.

7
New Diabetes Treatments

• New treatments for diabetes target a hormone
  called incretin. Incretin stimulates the body
  to make insulin.
• New diabetes medications make it possible to
  either increase incretin production or slow its
  degradation.

8
Some New Treatment Options

• Januvia (sitagliptin)- oral once daily, increases
  insulin synthesis from the pancreas by slowing
  incretin degradation.
• Byetta (exenatide)- injectable twice daily,
  increases isulin secretion by mimicing incretin
  hormone.
• Symlin (pramlintide)- injectable before meals,
  decreases blood sugar rise after meals, promotes
  satiety (feeling of fullness). Mimics amylin,
  another hormone related to incretin.