The End of the War

1
The End of the War
2
Effects of Gettysburg

• 23,000 Union troops lost
• 28,000 Confederate troops lost
• Corpses everywhere, stench unbearable
• Lee resigned, although resignation not accepted
  by Jefferson Davis
• Lee never gets that far North again

3
Battle of Vicksburg

• One of 2 Confederate holdouts on Mississippi
  River
• If lost, Union has control of Miss River
• Also location that because of its height,
  controlled waterway
• Began May 1863
• After 2 failed frontal assaults, Grant set up
  siege on Vicksburg
• Artillery barrage for several days
• Starved out Confederates
• July 3, Confederates surrendered
• and city fell July 4
• Last Confederate fort fell July 9 at Port Hudson,
  LA
• Confederacy cut in two
• No control of Mississippi for transportation

4
Gettysburg Address

• Nov. 1863 ceremony to dedicate cemetery in
  Gettysburg.
• Lincoln gave 2 minute speech
• Remade America
• United States is instead of our made US
  realize a collective whole instead of individual
  states

5
Wearing Down of Confederacy

• Vicksburg and Gettysburg cost Confederate
  manpower
• Shortage of Food
• Desertions, Fighting for Union
• Squabbles within Confederate Governments
• Movements for Peace in various states

6
Total War

• General Grant appointed William Tecumseh Sherman
  as commander in Mississippi
• Total War fight military, government and
  CIVILIANS to destroy all ability for enemy to
  fight
• Attack and attack again
• Huge losses for Union, but they could afford it,
  South could not
• Burned towns, killed animals
• As they got close to the end, in NC stopped
  burning towns and handed out food and supplies

7
Election of 1864

• Democrats upset over length and high casualties
  of war nominated George McClellan
• Radical Republicans nominated John C. Fremont as
  a 3rd party candidate wanted harsher proposal
  for post-Civil War
• Lincoln chose a pro-Union democrat as VP, but
  felt he would be badly beaten unless some great
  change
• Change came
• August 5 major Southern Port closed at Mobile
• September 2 Atlanta was taken
• End of Sept Fremont withdrew
• October 18 Confederates out of Northern VA
• Absentee ballads from soldiers helped Lincoln win
  by 55

8
Appomattox

• Clear Confederacy was over by March 1865
• Grant and Sherman approached Richmond,
  Confederate Gov. fled and set fire to the city
• April 9, 1865 Lee and Grant met in Appomattox
  village to arrange Confederate surrender
• Very generous terms
• Within 1 month all resistance ended

9
Lincolns Assassination
10
Lincolns Assassination

• April 14, 1865 - Lincoln was assassinated, 5 days
  after Lee surrendered
• Ford Leaders watching a play
• John Wilkes Booth shot him in the back of the
  head and then escaped by jumping over the
  balcony, broke his leg
• Lincoln died 722 the following morning

11
Lincolns Assassination

• 12 days later, Union military trapped Booth in a
  barn in VA, set building on fire and shot him
  when he refused to surrender
• Lincoln had about 1/3 of the Union turn out to
  publically mourn his death
• Train took him from DC to hometown of
  Springfield, IL