Chapter 29 Nocardia, Rhodococcus

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Chapter 29 Nocardia, Rhodococcus related
Actinomycetes

• Nocardia
• A. Characteristics G with mycoic acids
  (intermediate 50- 62 C), meso- DAP, arabinose,
  galactose
• 1. Temp. resistant 40ºC-50ºC
• 2. Partially Acid Fast (1 H2SO4), Catalase ,
  Filamentous bacilli, branching filaments.
• 3. Decompose paraffin
• 4. 103/g of dry soil
• 5. Facultative intracellular pathogen

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B. Culture and Lab ID

• Up to a week to grow, capnophilic 5-10 CO2
• Cauliflower colonies, on BHI or Blood 2-5 days
• Catalase and Urease
• Clings to agar

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Trivial pursuit (mainly livestock)

• Farcy subcutaneous and cutaneous nodules
• Glanders as above but in lymphatics, lungs,
  nose, etc.

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II. Rhodoccus equi

• A. Characteristics G obligate aerobe
• 1. Catalase , Mycoic acids, Acid fast (weak)
• 2. Rod/cocci cycle
• 3. Found in soil, (herbivores) animal dung
• B. Disease facultative intracellular pathogen
  (?)
• 1. Disease of herbivores bronchopneumonia in
  horses, also pigs)
• 2. Healthy individuals cutaneous infections
• 3. Immunocompromised pulmonary disseminated
  disease to meninges, pericardium, skin.
• 4. 50 mortality in immunocompromised (HIV)

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C. Treatment

• Immunocompent oral erythromycin rifampin,
  cipro
• Immunocompromised (Disseminated) IV vancomycin,
  cipro, erythromycin, rifampin, imipenem.