ROOM ACOUSTICS

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Sounds Like Conflict
Chris Day Chairperson Richard Compton
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Pink Noise Calibration

• Left Channel 74 dBA Right Channel 74
  dBA

• Both Channels 80 dBA

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Sounds Like Conflictv 2.2

• Noise WorkshopRMLA Conference 2006

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Summary

• Airports
• Music
• Speedway

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Sound like Conflict ??Lmax 85 dBA
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Corrigan Case

• Ldn 67 dBA
• Lmax 85 dBA
• Business Zone

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Sound Insulation

• Doesnt solve all the problems
• External environment
• Want to open windows
• Design CiterionLmax 60 dBA in bedrooms

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Music Next Door - Sound Like Conflict ?
Building Code G6 STC 55
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Music Venues in Trouble

• The Temple
• Java Jive
• Kitty OBriens
• The Empire
• Bar Bodega
• Matterhorn

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Neil Finn

• government cash devoted to music production
  could be better spent funding live venues

Judith Tizard

• It seems counter-productive that established
  businesses are being forced out of activities
  they have traditionally carried on just because
  of complaints from new developments,

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North Shore Events Centre

• Wanted to run 6 loud concerts per year
• Env Crt restricted LF noise to effectively 45dBA
  at 9pm (ie day)
• Same as normal night-time control for a 365 day
  activity
• Effectively closed for Rock Concerts
• Half a dozen households complaining

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Residential Complaint

• Beware

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Western Springs

• Significant noise effects
• Two positions
• What were these people thinking?
• S16 BPO

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Western Springs

• Report by Hon Peter Salmon QC
• the fact of the matter is that there is a
  long-established history of motor racing at
  Western Springs and this factor is entitled to
  considerable weight in determining a way forward
  for the future - Indeed, a number of the
  people to whom I spoke have moved into the area
  over the last 10 years or so

• I also take into account, however, that the
  effect of the noise source is difficult to judge
  until it has been experienced and that someone
  who moved to the locality at a time when it was
  not possible to experience the noise, may well
  have completely underestimated the effect of the
  noise upon the enjoyment of their property

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Western Springs

• Recommendation
• Set gradually reducing noise limits
• Insulate worst affected houses

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Aplanning

• Rotorua Airport

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(No Transcript)
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Aplanning

• Rotorua Airport
• New houses beside the southern motorway
• Apartments in entertainment areas
• Apartments next to the Port
• Challenge ACC

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Sounds like Conflict ?

• Airport Noise
• Land-use planning
• Reverse sensitivity
• Landfill
• Contaminated soil
• Illegal Granny-flat

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The End
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Decibel scale

• Pressure Scale is Impractical
• Decibel scale chosen for convenience
• Hearing response is logarithmic rather than
  linear
• Examples

Typical sound pressure levels
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Statistical analysis

• Lmax maximum noise level
• L10 level exceeded for 10 of the time
• Leq average noise level
• L95 level exceeded for 95 of the time

Lmax
L10
Leq
L95
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Sound Exposure Level - SEL

• SEL is used for measuring single event noise such
  as an aircraft take-off
• The SEL value contains the same amount of
  acoustic energy over a normalised one second
  period as the actual noise event under
  consideration
• Example SEL75dBA

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The Boom Box
Inside House
Inside Car
Outside Car
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Community AnnoyanceTransportation Noise
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Christchurch Community Survey
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NZS 6805

• - Recognises that airports are vital
  infrastructure that need protection
• Ldn gt65 dBA is unsuitable for Residential
• Ldn 55 65dBA is marginal for Residential
• Ldn lt55 dBA is suitable for Residential

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Auckland International Airport
Noise Monitor Locations
Auckland International Airport District Plan
Noise Contours
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Reverse SensitivityIndependent News LtdCentral
Gardens - Manukau

• 350 Unit Apartment Development
• Ldn 64 to 66 dBA Noise Environment

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Auckland International Airport
CentralGardens
Outside B737-300 Inside Open Window Inside Closed
Window
Auckland International Airport District Plan
Noise Contours
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Central GardensThe Issues

• High Levels of Aircraft Noise Ldn 65 dBA
• 35 of Residents likely to be Highly Annoyed
• Sound Insulation Does Not solve all the problems
• People Do Not like living with Windows closed
• Community response surveys involve reasonable SI
• Outdoor areas and gardens significantly affected

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The Botanical Barrier
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(No Transcript)
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Variation with Meteorological Conditions
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Measurement Positions
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Flow Corrected and Meteorologically Stable
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Summary

• Measurements made close to the motorway are
  stable day to day (range 1dB)
• Any change in noise level due to the barrier was
  less than 1dB
• Measurements made at 300-700m vary significantly
  due to flow rate and meteorological conditions
  (15dB range)
• There was no measurable change in noise level due
  to the barrier (lt0.5 dBA)
• The residents reaction cannot be explained by the
  change in noise level

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Annoyance
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Notional Boundaries

• Rural Environment
• 20m from the façade of any occupied dwelling
• Avoid overly restrictive noise limits
• Protects the Occupants
• Moving Noise Compliance Point
• Doesnt protect the Industry from residential
  encroachment

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Discussion

• Reverse Sensitivity
• Noise Control Boundaries
• Expanding Noise Boundaries (Compensation?)
• Community Response

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CIA Noise ContoursBased on 1994 Study of
Long-termAirport Capacity
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Jet Engine Design
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(No Transcript)
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2 mins motorway noise
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Decibel Addition

• Broadband Noise A
• Broadband Noise B
• Broadband Noise A B

63dB 63dB 66 dB
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Road Traffic Noise
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Change in Noise Level

• More than Doubling of Loudness
• Substantial Increase (Doubling of Loudness)
• Appreciable Increase
• Just Perceptible Increase
• No Change
• Small Decrease

A
B
C
D
E
F
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Change in Noise Level

• C
• E
• AF
• B
• D

• 10dB
• 6dB
• 3.5dB
• 1dB
• 0 dB

Statistical sound level
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(No Transcript)
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Change in Noise Level
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Change in Noise Level

• Motorway NoiseExample G

Statistical sound level
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Change in Noise Level

• Motorway Noise

• Example H
• Example I
• Example J
• Example K
• Example L

Statistical sound level
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ChipSeal (Grade 4) Leq 75dBA
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WhispA
Leq 64dBA
11 dBA Reduction from Chipseal
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Port Noise
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Typical Land use Relationship
High value housing with coastal views
access road/rail
reclamations
wharves
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(No Transcript)
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What the Standard Does

• Methodology for inputs into plans
• Recognises importance of ports
• 10 (or more) year projection of growth
• Inner and outer control boundaries
• Compliance with Noise Limits
• Controls over land uses within both areas
• Promotes noise management plans

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Noise Model
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Noise ContoursSoundPlan
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Noise Boundaries
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Examples of Implementation

• Port Chalmers
• New Plymouth
• Auckland
• Wellington
• Nelson
• Napier

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Conclusions

• Moderately successful
• Has allowed Ports flexibility (move to 24 hour 7
  day operation)
• Noise Boundaries signal to Community where
  amenity may be affected
• Inadequate in situations where significant
  conflict (speed of change of Port situation not
  able to be reflected in Plan changes)
• A review in 2-3 years is recommended to deal with
  rapid changes in ports and better
  regional-district integration