NEW Testament

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NEW Testament

• Chapter 2 World of Jesus Day

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Diaspora

• What distinguished Jews in Israel from Jews of
  the diaspora?
• Jews were living outside of Jerusalem after
  Israel was invaded, and spoke Greek and Aramaic.
  Many Jews returned to Israel after the Babylonian
  Captivity was over. Those Jews who did not return
  and continued to live outside of Judah became
  known as the Jews of the diaspora. Diaspora Jews
  were generally more comfortable with Greek
  culture and interactions with their non-Jewish
  neighbors than the Jews in Israel were.
• Hellenization refers to the spread of Greek
  culture.
•  

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After Maccabees

• Dissident and warring among itself
• 40 BC Herod the Great besieged Jerusalem
  defeated Rome
• Herod was a Gentile
• Herod acted like a Jew
• He established a prosperous reign
• Tetrarchy- split of His kingdom 4 ways\

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Roman Rebellion

• A.D. 66, due to Zealot activity
• Rome destroys Jerusalem in 70 A.D. destroying
  Temple, therefore Sadducees
• Left worship to synagogue

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The Revolutionaries

• Zealots
• The Zealots were radical Jewish Nationalists.
  They believed that God would fight on their side
  and thought that violent means were justified to
  throw off Roman rule

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Emperors at the Time of Christ
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• WHICH HEROD?
• MT 2 1-19
• Lk 15
• Mk 614-29
• Mt 222
• Lk 31
• Lk 134 13-35
• Lk 237-12

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Religion in the Empire

• Rome was tolerant of her subjects as long as
  worship of Emperor existed

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Bodies of Water

• Jordan River
• Dead Sea
• Mediterranean Sea
• Sea of Gailiee

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Languages

• Aramaic
• Talitha kum- Little girl, get up
• Eloi, Eloi lama sabachthani My god, my God, why
  have you forsaken me?
• Golgotha place of the skull
• Greek
• Sacramentum- armor
• Epistle- letter
• Metanoia change

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Language, continued

• Greek, cont
• Adonai Lord
• Ekkesia church
• Parousia presence
• Paraclete advocate
• Hebrew
• Messiah anointed
• Maranatha Come Lord
• Abba- daddy

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Pharisees

• Pharisees- The predominant sect or religious
  party among the Jews in the time of Christ.
• The Pharisees were those who separated themselves
  from Gentiles on the basis of ritual purity
  through minute observance of the Law.
• Law became a burden because they had
• No spirit of Law
• Ritual practiced for everything

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Their Beliefs

• The teaching was based on both oral and written
  law.
• They believed in the resurrection of the body and
  the existence of angels.
• The Pentateuch is the book in which the Pharisees
  wrote their religious teachings.

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Principles and Values

• Pharisees believe in monotheism.
• Evident in the practice of reciting the Shema at
  the Temple and in synagogues.
• According to the Mishna, these passages were
  recited in the Temple along with the twice-daily
  Tamid offering.
• Pharisees believed that people have free will but
  that God also has foreknowledge of human destiny.
  
• Pharisees believed in the resurrection of the
  dead.

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Their Enemy Sadducees

• A priestly movement
• Only believe in Torah as authoritative
• Free will
• Deny reality of afterlife, resurrection,
  spiritual realm
• Aristocracy
• Followers of ZADOK, Solomons priest.
• They were sad --- u --- see. They had no
  eternity!

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Dates leading to New Testament

• 1900 BC Patriarchs
• 1300 BC Moses- Exodus
• 1000 BC David Kingdom
• 600 BC Babylonian Exile
• AD 30 Jesus Christ

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Provinces - Palestine

• NorthNazareth and Galilee
• SouthJerusalem and Judea
• Samaria after 721 BCE, they were Assyrians
  intermarried with Jews. looked down upon by
  Jews at time of Christ.

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Spread of Judaism in the Empire

• After the Babylonian Captivity, Jews in Egypt,
  Persia, Rome
• 7 Jewish population in roman Empire
• Septuagint translated into Greek
• Synagogue worship throughout
• Full Jews and proselytes at the Gate or God
  fearers.
• Hellenistic Jews

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Stages of Development

• Historical Jesus 6 BC 30 AD
• Oral tradition 30 AD- 50 AD
• Past in a particular setting
• Written letters 50 AD 60 AD
• Exile, destruction of temple, a binding element
• Gospels 65 AD- 100 AD

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Jesus

• An historical person who impacted humanity
• His world culture, politics, geography
• His teachings
• Messiah
• Apocalyptic expectation of reign of God
• Torah

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Why?

• New Testament is our only detailed source on
  Jesus
• Not a biography
• A source for prayer and contemplation
• They (all books) are inspired

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Cities
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-Jesus performed many healings around the region
of Galilee -Some cities which Jesus performed
healings include Bethsaida, Tyre, and Caesarea
Philippi -After his ministry in Galilee, Jesus
headed for Jerusalem
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-Jesus ministered in Tyre, Sidon, Perea -As he
set out on his last trip to Jerusalem, he told
the disciples what would happen to him
there -During this trip he spent some time in
Jericho and at night would stay in Bethany -He
was crucified in Jerusalem
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-Jesus grew up in Nazareth, and most of his
ministry focused on Galilee -Jesus always
traveled to Jerusalem for the major festivals,
and would visit friends in Bethany -Bethany also
served as Jesus resting place during his last
few days on earth
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-He also did lots of preaching in Galilee, Perea,
and Judea -He returned to Jerusalem for the last
time to celebrate the Passover with his disciples
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Jesus is fulfillment

• MT 517 I have come
• Paschal Mystery
• Christ has died
• Christ is risen
• Christ will come again