Forensic Document Examination

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• Forensic Document Examination
• Document Evidence Limited

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Specimens

• Same style of handwriting-
• BLOCK
• cursive
• script

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Specimens

• Several specimens
• Roughly contemporaneous
• Original documents if possible
• Signatures in same name

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Auto Forgery

• When someone attempts to deliberately alter their
  own signature in order to deny it at a later stage

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Copy documents, are they good enough?

• IT DEPENDS
• Composite documents
• Scanned images
• No signs of forgery visible?
• Clarity of letter designs
• Clarity of fluency

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Copy Documents

• Clarity of fluency
• Discernible formation

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Copy Documents

• Complexity of formation
• Fluency

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Copy Documents

• Few discernible details
• Extraneous marks
• Pen lifts

• Pixilation of pen line
• Pen direction

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One to One Comparisons

• The type of examination regularly undertaken by
  staff at financial institutes

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Cheque alteration
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Typewritten/Printed Documents

• Type bar typewriters
• Single element typewriters (electric)
• Ink jet printers
• Laser
• Others

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Dating of Documents

• Handwriting
• Typescript
• Printers
• Photocopiers
• Paper
• Inks
• ESDA
• Evidence v Circumstances

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Multifaceted Evidence

• Often one strand of a comparison gives little
  useful evidence e.g.
• Ink similarity
• Paper similarity
• Printing similarity
• Layout similarity

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Multifaceted Evidence

• However, combining strands of apparently
  inconclusive evidence can lead to an opinion of a
  common source being reached e.g.
• Paper
• Printer
• Inks
• Layout
• Handwriting/signatures

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Document Evidence LTD

• Gatsby Court
• 172 Holliday Street
• Birmingham
• B1 1TJ
• Telephone [phone]
• Fax [phone]
• E-mail info_at_docev.co.uk