Are Chiroptera Monophyletic

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Are Chiroptera Monophyletic?
Ashlee Dravis CMB Graduate Student Department of
Biology BiochemistryUniversity of Houston
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Chiroptera
Chiroptera accounts for almost one-quarter of
existing mammalian diversity
Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass
MammaliaOrder Chiroptera
Rodentia
Megabats Old world fruit bats
Chiroptera
Microbats insect bats
Wilson, D. E. and D. M. Reeder, 2005
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Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Chiroptera Family
Rhinolophidae Genus Rhinolophus
emuseap.nmns.edu.tw
Shiang- Fan Chen
Formosan Lesser Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus
monoceros
Formosan Woolly Horseshoe BatRhinolophus
formosae
Microbats
Horseshoe-shaped nose leaf used for directing
ultrasound
Broad, rounded wings, with fluttery flight
patterns
Only found in Taiwan
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Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Chiroptera Family
Vespertilionidae Genus Pipistrellus
Wikipedia
Japanese House Bat Pipistrellus abramus
Microbat
Found in towns and villages
Roosts under ceilings or under the roof of
buildings
Found in East Asia China, Taiwan, Korea, and
Japan
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Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia Order Chiroptera Family
Pteropodidae Genus Rousettus
Rei Segalii
Egyptian Fruit Bat Rousettus aegyptiacus
Megabat
Old World Fruit Bat
Echolocation
Excellent Sense of Smell
Found in most of Africa and the Middle East
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Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass Mammalia
www.apoints.com
Milan Korinek
Britannica Encyclopedia
Britannica Encyclopedia
Tamandua tetradactyla (Southern
Tamandua) Superorder Xenarthra
Ochotona curzonia(Plateau Pika) Order Lagomorpha
Elephas maximus(Indian Elephant) Superorder
Afrotheria
Gorilla gorilla gorilla(Western Lowland
Gorilla) Order Primates
mus-musculus.com
wikipedia
Mauritius / Superstock
Norman Lim
Canis Lupus(Grey Wolf) Superorder
Laurasiatheria
Mus musculus musculus(European House Mouse)
Order Rodentia
Cynocephalus variegatus (Colugo/Flying
Lemur) Order Dermoptera
Tupaia belangeri(Northern Tree Shrew) Order
Scandentia
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Are Chiroptera Monophyletic?
Chiroptera Are Monophyletic
Traditionally Chiroptera has been thought of as
monophyletic (Gregory et al., 1910)
Based on complete sequence of mitochondrial DNA
(Nikaido et al., 2000)
Distinctive cranial and cervical innervation of
wing muscles (Thewissen and Babcock, 1991)
Chiroptera Are Not Monophyletic
Based on Analysis of patterns of connections
between the retina and midbrain megabats were
suggested to be more closely related to primates
than microbats. (Pettigrew, 1986)
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(Wible and Novacek)
(Pettigrew et al.)
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Methods
Maximum parsimony (MP)Minimum evolution
(ME) Bayesian analysesMonte Carlo Simulations
(parametric bootstrapping)Character Mapping (195
morphological characters)
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Questions
Are microbats more related to primates or
megabats?
Since the megabat Rousettus aegyptiacus (Egyptian
Fruit Bat) uses echolocation like microbats, is
it a good species to study for phylogenic
relationships?
More investigations of the clade arrangement of
Mammalia are warranted.
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Thank You