DNA Barcoding Fishes of

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DNA Barcoding Fishes of Central
America Eldredge Bermingham Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute
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Abudefduf concolor
Abudefduf troschelii
Anisotremus interruptus
Anisotremus taeniatus
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• Species in the Group B cluster have a mean
  divergence of
• 0.0432 for COI
• 0.0492 for ATPase 6
• and 0.0426 for Cyt b.
• Using a date of 3.1 million years for the rise of
  the Isthmus, we obtain a calibration of
• 0.0139 substitutions/MY (COI)
• 0.0158 substitutions/MY (ATPase 6)
• and 0.0137 substitutions/MY (Cyt b).
• For RAG1 the mean divergence is 0.0054, and the
  calibration is 0.0017 substitutions/MY
• an eight-fold decrease in nucleotide substitution
  rate compared to mitochondrial DNA.

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Rhamdia guatemalensis (N37)
Rhamdia laticauda (N21)
Hyphessobrycon (N17)
Synbranchidae (N32)
Roeboides (N25)
Gymnotus (N10)
Astyanax (N31)
Brycon (N24)
Present in biogeographic region
N
Number of individuals sequenced
Present in country but not in biogeographic region
Not present
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Synbranchidae
Roeboides
Astyanax
Gymnotus
Hyphessobrycon
Brycon
Rhamdia guatemalensis
Rhamdia laticauda
Atrato
Choluteca
Nahualate
Coto
Patuca
Bayano
Chagres
Polochic
Santa Maria
Sixaola
Tuira
San Blas
San Juan
Usumacinta
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Roeboides
Brycon
Rhamdia guatemalensis
Gymnotus
Marine Geminates
(10 genera)
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Study taxa

• Characidae
• - Astyanax (aeneus, includes Bramocharax)
• - Brycon (striatulus group, includes
  chagrensis, behreae, sp. nov. Bocas,
  guatemalensis)
• - Hyphessobrycon
• - Roeboides
• Heptapteridae
• - Rhamdia guatemalensis (includes wagneri)
• - Rhamdia laticauda (includes reddelli, parryi,
  rogersi, cabrerai, nicaraguensis)
• Gymnotidae
• - Gymnotus
• Synbranchidae
• - Synbranchus Ophisternon

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Notarius biffi
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