Lab 7

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Lab 7 The Hemipteroids
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Hemipteroid Characteristics
1) simple metamorphosis, paurometabolous
2) Modification of the maxillary laciniae into
stylets (mostly sucking mouthparts)
3) Absence of a large anal lobe in the hind wing
4) Wing venation somewhat reduced
5) No cerci
6) Only four Malpighian tubules
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Hemipteroid Orders
1) Hemiptera (True Bugs, Leafhoppers, Cicadas)
2) Thysanoptera (Thrips)
3) Psocoptera (Book Lice and Bark Lice)
4) Phthiraptera (Lice)
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Order Hemiptera (True Bugs, Leafhoppers,
Cicadas, Aphids)

• Paurometabolous, simple metamorphosis

• Piercing-sucking mouthparts

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(Mandibles and maxillae)
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Order Hemiptera
Suborder Heteroptera (True Bugs)
Suborder Auchenorryhncha (Cicadas and Hoppers)
Suborder Sternorrhyncha (Psyllids, Whiteflies,
Aphids, Scale)
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Suborder Heteroptera (True Bugs)
Noticeable scutellum

• Wing comprised of a hardened or thickened basal
  portion and membranous apical portion

• Beak arises from the front of the head

Hardened part
membranous part
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Family Corixidae
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Family Notonectidae
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Family Gerridae
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Family Miridae
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Family

• Most are herbivores, few are predators on
  lepidoptera larvae

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Family
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Family Reduviidae
Triatoma sp.
Rhodnius sp.

• Commonly called the kissing bug, blood sucking

• Vectors for Chagas disease, protozoan parasite,
  Trypanosoma cruzi

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Suborder Auchenorryhncha (Cicadas and Hoppers)

• 4 membranous wings

• beak arises from the back of the head

• Entirely herbivorous

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Family
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Family
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Family Delphacidae (Plant Hoppers)

• large flattened spur at the apex of the hind
  tibiae

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Suborder Sternorrhyncha (Psyllids, Whiteflies,
Aphids, Scale)

• 4 membranous wings

• beak arises from between the procoxae

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Family
cornicles
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Family Diaspididae (Armored Scales)

• females are soft-bodied and concealed by a waxy
  scale covering

• males are winged and have well developed legs
  and antennae

• life cycle involving bisexual or parthenogenetic
  generations

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List of Hemiptera families to know
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Order Thysanoptera (Thrips)

• wings may be present or absent

• wings with few to no veins, finged with hairs

• mandible and sucking mouthpart

• agricultural pest, plant feeders, mostly
  flowers, few are predators of small insects, some
  bite people

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Order Thysanoptera (Thrips)
pupa

• metamorphosis intermediate between simple and
  complete

• Parthenogenesis occurs in many species

1st instar
2nd instar
pupa
propupa
pupa
adult
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Order Psocoptera (Bark Lice and Book Lice)

• Four membranous wings, present or absent

• Long antennae

• Clypeus is large and somewhat swollen

• Feed on algae, lichen, molds, pollen, fragments
  of dead insects

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Order Psocoptera (Bark Lice and Book Lice)
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Order Phthiraptera (Lice)

• Wingless ectoparasites of birds and mammals

• claw that fits against a thumb-like process at
  the end of the tibia

• some have mandibulate mouthparts and others have
  piercing sucking mouthparts

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Mallophaga vs Anoplura

• Anoplura (sucking lice), piercing sucking
  mouthparts

• Mallophaga (chewing lice), mandibulate mouthparts

• Blood sucking ectoparasites of domestic animals,
  two species attack humans

• Ectoparasties of domestic animals, mostly
  poultry, feed on skin, hair, feathers

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Head Louse, Pediculus humanus
Pubic louse, Phthirus pubis
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1) Illustrate the differences of the sucking
mouthparts of a Heteroptera, Auchenorryhncha and
Sternorrhyncha.
2) Illustrate the major differences you would use
to distinguish Corixidae from Notonectidae.
3) Draw a wing of a Miridae and label the cuneus.
4) Draw a Pentatomid and label the scutellum.
5) Draw the ventral surface of a Reduviid bug and
label the ventral groove in the prosternum.
Explain the purpose for this groove.
6) Illustrate the difference in the hind tibia of
a Cicadellidae and Delphacidae.
7) Draw the abdomen of an aphid and label the
cornicles. What is the function of the
cornicles?
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7) Illustrate the life stages of Thysanoptera.
8) Draw the head of a Psocoptera and label the
clypeus.
9) Draw a leg of a Pthiraptera and label all the
parts.
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