Ecotourism environments

1
Ecotourism environments

• What are the components of a public protected
  area?
• An area of land and/or sea
• Especially dedicated to the protection and
  maintenance of biological diversity (cultural
  resources)
• Managed through legal or other effective means
• Managed by a public authority
• What are paper parks?

2
What is so important about public protected
areas?

• THE dominant setting for ecotourism
• Natural environments
• High public profile (http//whc.unesco.org/)
• Structural suitability to ecotourism
• Investment in infrastructure and services
• Convergence between protected and natural
  landscapes

3
IUCN Classification System

• I -gt wilderness area for scientific and research
  purposes
• V -gt cultural natural environment exist in a
  complementary relationship

4
The 6 IUCN Protected Area Management Categories

•  
• Category Ia Strict Nature Reserve protected area
  managed mainly for science
• Category Ib Wilderness Area protected area
  managed mainly for wilderness protection
• Category II National Park protected area managed
  mainly for ecosystem protection and recreation
• Category III Natural Monument protected area
  managed mainly for conservation of specific
  natural features
• Category IV Habitat/Species Management Area
  protected area managed mainly for conservation
  through management intervention
• Category V Protected Landscape/Seascape
  protected area managed mainly for
  landscape/seascape conservation and recreation
• Category VI Managed Resource Protected Area
  protected area managed mainly for the sustainable
  use of natural ecosystems

5
(No Transcript)
6
Lebanons protected areas

• National Designations
• Bird Reserve 1 Bentael National Park
• Forest Reserve 5 Ain Zhalta Arz Tannourine
  Barouk Arz el Rab Jabal el Qaraqif
• National Park 5 Ammiq Barouk Mashgara (II)
  Qaraoun Lake Terbol
• Other Area 1 Chali Cedar Forest
• Private Protected Area 3 Baabda Bentael Khallet
  Khazen Farm
• Protection/Protected Zone 2 Arz Bcharre
  Qannoubine
• Reserve 12 Bass Batroun Hbeline Horsh Ehden
  Jabal Turbol Jaftalak Ras el-ain
  Kammoua Karm Chbat Kfar Zabed
  Kherbet Slim Palm Island Saissouk
• International Conventions and Programmes
• Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar) 4
• World Heritage Convention 5
• UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve 1
• Barcelona Convention 1

7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
Marine Protected Areas

• 1300 MPA lt 1 of the worlds marine space
• Only one protected area along Lebanon's 225
  kilometers coastline
• Palm Islands - 1992, 5km2, IUCN Category IV

10
Distribution of ecotourists w/in protected areas

• 95-5 rule
• 95 of all visits tend to be confined to 5 of
  the area
• Where?
• Heavily developed sites sacrificial space
• Hinterland of the sites
• Transportation corridors

11
Issues associated with spatial and temporal
concentration

• Higher visitation levels
• Sites carrying capacity
• Fixed carrying capacity
• When?
• If D gt K then ?
• Fluid carrying capacity
• Increase capacity how?

12
Modified spaces

• Agricultural lands
• Urban space
• Artificial wetlands
• Artificial reefs
• Degraded or devastated space

13
Next section ecotourism planning for protected
areas

• Read that section in the booklet by October 28
• Read the ecotourist trap by October 28
• Summary article due October 30
• Homework 2 and 3 due October 30