Persistent%20Identifiers%20and%20Finnish%20Institutional%20Repositories

1
Persistent Identifiers and Finnish Institutional
Repositories

• Rita Voigt
• Helsinki University of Technology and OA-JES
• Coordinator for Institutional Repositories in
  Finland
• IR workshop 11.1.2007 Helsinki

2
OA-JES

• Promoting Open Access Publishing in Finland
• Funding Ministry of Education
• Initiative Finnish Open Access Working Group
• 4 parts
• Advocacy (Kalle Korhonen, Univ. of Helsinki)
• Coordination of IRs (Rita Voigt, TKK)
• The National Library of Finland, definition of
  tasks
• TSV, development of a publishing tool for OA
  journals
• Duration 1.4.2006 31.1.2007
• Results Increasing awareness, new repositories,
  this workshop

3
Institutional Repositories (OA-JES) definitions

• In addition to bibliographic metadata the full
  text is available for all publications.
• The full text is stored locally (in most cases,
  cooperation solutions for smaller institutions).
  The institution is responsible for its
  availability. Outsourcing the archive is
  possible, but usually has its problems.
• Both metadata and full text are open access.
• The permanent availability and access to the
  publication is ensured ? each publication is
  given a persistent identifier (URN or other).
• The repository is OAI compatible.

4
URN Uniform Resource Name

• Ensures permanent access to the publication now
  and in the future.
• Unambiguous identifier, can be used in OpenURLs.
• Persistent identifier, no need to update links in
  library catalogs, provides a link from
  bibliographic metadata to full text.
• Persistent link in lists of references, no need
  to give date of access.
• Future researchers are able to get to the cited
  reference, which should be a prerequisite for any
  scholarly work!
• No broken links.

5
Persistent identifiers

• Why URNs?
• URNs are in use in many European countries and
  elsewhere.
• National Libraries support the use of URNs.
• URNs are free.
• The administration of URNs is flexible.
• Already published documents can get URNs during
  batch processing.
• Other persistent identifier systems DOI, Handle,
  ARK

6
Usage example Library catalog

• Database Teknillisen korkeakoulun kirjasto
• Title Sanat kivettyvät kaupungiksi
  Elektroninen aineisto
• tutkimus Helsingin kaupunkisuunnittelun
  prosesseista
• ja ihanteista / Pasi Mäenpää ... et al.
• Material kirja
• Published Espoo Teknillinen korkeakoulu, 2000
• Series (Yhdyskuntasuunnittelun tutkimus- ja
• koulutuskeskuksen julkaisuja. B 83)
• Links urnnbnfitkk-004097
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnurnnbnfitkk-004
  097
• http//lib.tkk.fi/Reports/2000/isbn951226336X.pd
  f

7
Persistent identifiers and Finnish IRs

• The National Library has actively participated in
  the standardisation work of URNs since the 1990s
  (Juha Hakala). However, theoretical
  considerations havent led to any practical
  results during these years. Recommendations put
  an emphasis on the use of URNISBN identifiers,
  which are not widely used elsewhere. URNNBN for
  web articles.
• http//www.lib.helsinki.fi/julkaisuala/urn.htm
• URNNBN for all publications at Helsinki Univ. of
  Technology since the establishment of the
  repository in 2003.
• URNISBN at the Univ. of Oulu.
• Both URNISBN and URNNBN at the Univ. of
  Joensuu.
• Many other institutions are assigning some kind
  of URN to their publications or have expressed
  interest in doing so.
• DSpace comes with the handle identifier system,
  possible to use URNs in addition.

8
Distribution of URNs

• Overall administration National Library.
• The National Library provides the possibility to
  generate single URNs of the URNNBN type
• urnubnfife...
• If an institution publishes a lot, it
  could/should(?) get an own namespace for this
  type of URNs,
• e.g. urnnbnfitkk...
• ? Contact the National Library for the
  namespace.
• When having an own namespace the institution can
  assign URNs for their publications independently.

9
URN standardisation

• IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
• RFCs
• URN Syntax (2141)
• Functional Requirements of URNs
• Registration of NIDs
• Resolving
• Syntax URN NID NISS
• namespace identifier namespace specific string
• (ex. NBN, ISBN, ISSN)

10
URN _at_ TKK

• Centralised distribution and administration in
  the library.
• All publications get a URNNBN identifier, when
  they are stored into the TKK institutional
  repository (with the exception of photos).
• trusted repository.
• Format urnnbnfitkk-123450
• organisation consecutive check
• namespace numbers digit
• recordnumbers
• in the IR

11
From assignment to use ? The resolver software

• Implementation of a national resolver in Finland
  in Feb. 2005
• ? enables the use of URNs as the main identifier
  for the publication.
• Centralised service, located at Helsinki
  University of Technology Library in Espoo.
• Part of an international network of URN resolver
  services.
• Resolves the location of any document that has a
  persistent identifier.
• Redirects the URN query to the web address where
  the document is currently located.
• Before redirection checks that the URL exists,
  displays error messages where necessary.
• Redirects foreign URNs and other than URN
  identifiers to the location where they can be
  resolved.
• Administrative features.

12
Resolver software

• Development Univ. of Uppsala, Sweden.
• Now moved to KB, National Library of Sweden.
• Wiki http//epc.ub.uu.se/niwiki/
• Version 3.0, Feb. 2005.
• Contact person for data providers in Finland
  Rita Voigt.
• TKK has used the software for about two years.
• Works fine for URNNBN identifiers.
• Initially no support for URNISBN identifiers
  implemented.
• Extension and further development by Jukka
  Lehmus, TKK Library.
• TKK, U. Joensuu and U. Oulu are now using the
  resolver service.
• If your organisation is interested, please
  contact us!

13
URNISBN

• Seen as a Finnish curiosity in Europe.
• Therefore no support in any resolver software.
• Finnish URNISBN namespaces have to be included
  into the service mappings of all the other
  national resolvers to enable them to redirect
  these URNs to the Finnish resolver.
• No big problem for Finnish ISBNs (?)
• But ISBNs usually do not identify the country of
  the publication as clearly as the country code in
  the URNNBN identifiers.
• Resolvable at the centralised ISBN agency ?
  double redirections needed.
• As a result If you like your URNs to work
  smoothly use the URNNBN type from now on.

14
Demo

• Question Where do I find the publication with
  the identifier
• urnnbnfitkk-004097
• urnnbndegbv089-3321752945
• urnnbnchbel-9478
• urnnbnseuudiva-3475
• URNNBNno-3132
• Answer Redirection either
• by showing the URL for a moment
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnurnnbnfitkk-00478
  1
• or
• directly (all foreign or other identifiers always
  directly)
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnurnnbnfitkk-00478
  1godirectly
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnURNNBNno-3132
• The resolver thus finds publications
• which are known to the local service, and
• which can be found in other services, see for
  example
• http//epc.ub.uu.se/rs/services/servicemappings.xm
  l

15
Demo 2

• Joensuu
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnURNNBNfi-fe2006175
  9
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnURNISBN952-458-875
  -7
• Oulu
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnurnisbn951-42-8239
  -6
• TKK
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnurnnbnfitkk-00743
  4
• http//urn.tkk.fi/resolve?urnURNNBNfi-fe2007101
  7 ?
• Foreign services can redirect Finnish URNs to the
  resolver at TKK
• Swedish National Library
• http//urn.kb.se/start
• German National Library
• http//www.persistent-identifier.de/?link610lang
  en

16
How to get involved?

• Have a trusted repository, e.g. maintainted by
  the university library.
• Produce an XML file containing the URNURL pairs
  for your repository (simple schema, easy to
  accomplish).
• Put the file in an openly accessible place on the
  web.
• Tell us the URL of this file.
• ? The resolver will harvest this file regularly.
  Keep it up-to-date!
• (cf. OAI-PMH)
• Example (Joensuu)
• http//joypub.joensuu.fi/NBN/records.xml

17

• Thank you !
• rita.voigt at tkk.fi