The Five Kingdoms

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The Five Kingdoms
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Objectives

• Name and describe the five kingdoms of living
  things.
• Explain the relationship between classification
  and evolution.
• Classify a variety of living things.

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Early years

• For many years, biologists recognized only two
  kingdoms. (Plant and Animal)

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• Animals included all animals that moved, ate food
  and stopped growing at a certain size.

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• Plants included all organisms that did not move,
  used photosynthesis, and grew as long as they
  lived.

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Problems with early system

• Fungi and bacteria didnt really fit in as plants
  because they do not photosynthesize.
• Euglena seems to belong to both groups.or
  neither.
• Todays classification into 5 Kingdoms is more
  precise.

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KingdomFungi

• Cells with cell walls, nuclei, and organelles.

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KingdomFungi

• Mostly many-celled.

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KingdomFungi

• Absorbs nutrients from other organisms.

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KingdomFungi

• Do not move.

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KingdomFungi

• Most reproduce sexually and with spores.

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Kingdom Monerans

• Simple cells with no nuclei or organelles.

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Kingdom Monerans

• Single-celled may live in colonies.

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Kingdom Monerans

• May eat or make food.

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Kingdom Monerans

• Reproduces by cell division.

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Kingdom Protists

• Cells with nuclei and organelles some with cell
  walls.

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Kingdom Protists

• Mostly single-celled.

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Kingdom Protists

• May make or eat food.

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Kingdom Protists

• Reproduces by cell division some sexually.

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Kingdom Plants

• Cells with cell walls, nuclei, and organelles.
• The plant kingdom is not divided into Phylums,
  they are divided into Divisions.

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Kingdom Plants

• Many celled

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Kingdom Plants

• Do not move about (on their own)

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Kingdom Plants

• Use photosynthesis

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Kingdom Plants

• Most reproduce sexually.

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Kingdom Animals

• Cells with nuclei and organelles.

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Kingdom Animals

• Many-celled

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Kingdom Animals

• Can move about.

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Kingdom Animals

• Eat food

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Kingdom Animals

• Most reproduce sexually.

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Classification and Evolution

• Classification shows the evolutionary
  relationships among living things.

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• The more common traits they share, the more
  closely they are related.

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Theory is

• Humans and octopuses belong to same kingdom and,
  in theory, share the same ancestor about 600
  million years ago.

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Theory is

• Humans and Polar Bears belong to the same
  kingdom, phylum and class and , in theory, share
  the same ancestor about 100 million years ago.

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Theory is

• Humans and Gorillas share the same kingdom,
  phylum, class, and order and, in theory, share
  the same ancestor about 9 million years ago.

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Therefore.

• You are more closely related to.

• Than a.

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Science and Technology

• Comparative anatomy Scientists chart the
  relationships of organisms with similar
  structures, bone patterns, glands.

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DNA Research

• Scientists now study similarities of DNA
  patterns.
• Thru these studies, we are learning more about
  our closest relatives.