Erikson's Stages of Human Development

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Erikson's Stages of Human Development
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Background Information

• Erik Erikson was a professor of developmental
  psychology.
• Theory- personality developments is affected by
  each of the 8 stages in life.

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First Stage of Development

• Occurs during infancy and establishes our most
  basic sense of trust
• Children who receive consistent love attention
  develop confidence and trust in their
  environment.
• Children who are unloved or abused (mentally or
  physically) tend to become insecure and
  mistrustful.

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2nd Stage

• Occurs between the ages of 1-4.
• Autonomy- freedom of self direction.
• Children learn social lessons begin to take
  pride in accomplishment.
• If failure is recognized over success, they will
  feel ashamed discouraged.

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3rd Stage

• Between the ages of 4-5.
• Involves initiative or desire to begin actions.
• Freedom to think of new things to do.
• They do not yet develop good play skills.
• Tend to lack imagination.

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4th Stage of Development

• Ages 6-12, children learn that work is meaningful
  and worthwhile.
• They learn self-discipline and getting along with
  peers.
• Begin planning projects/activities on their own
  and carry them through to completion. Parents
  should praise their children for their efforts.
  Not praising their ideas could lead to failure.
• Inferiority- feeling inadequate unimportant.
• Begin developing their personalities.

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5th Stage

• fragmented and insecure and lack 5th Stage
• Identity versus Identity Confusion
• Occurs during adolescence
• Identity- knowing who you are and understanding
  your roles in society
• Through experiencing new ideas and emotions,
  adolescences discover who they are.
• Those guided by good models and inspired by high
  ideals find stable roles in society in the
  future.
• Those who are preoccupied with their identities
  in the eyes of others become self-confidence and
  self-esteem.

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6th Stage

• 6th Stage
• Intimacy versus Isolation
• Young adults who succeed in this stage have
  accepted themselves as worthwhile persons.
• When they establish close, stable relationships,
  they are able to give a part of themselves to
  others.
• Those who have a hard time establishing close
  relationships because of insecurity feel isolated
  and alone and will never be able to form
  effective relationships.

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7th Stage

• Generativity versus self-Absorption 
• In the seventh stage adults develop a sense of
  Generativity.
• Generativity- is when people begin to get
  concerned with others beyond their immediate
  family.
• Its found not only in families but also in
  anyone whos concerned about the people. If you
  dont establish Generativity you absorb
  self-absorption, the only concerns are their own
  personal needs and comfort.

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8th Stage

• Integrity is the last stage of being complete.
• The person is satisfied with his or her life.
• Those who have not achieved integrity are likely
  to feel despair.
• They are wishing that they lived a different
  life.