CRYRING at FLAIR

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CRYRING at FLAIR Håkan DanaredManne Siegbahn
Laboratory Sigtuna, 15 September 2004
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CRYRING

• CRYRING is a small synchrotron and storage ring
  with electron cooling, built for research in
  atomic, molecular and nuclear physics

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CRYRING2003-08-26
Injection
Experiments
RFQ
MINIS
Acceleration
INIS
Gas target
Diagnostics
CRYSIS
Electron cooler
ECR
5 m
0
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Ions That Have Been Stored in the Ring

• Singly charged positive ions H, D, 3He, 4He,
  7Li, 9Be, 12C, 14N, 16O, 40Ar, 40Ca,
  48Ti, 56Fe, 83Kr, 84Kr, 86Kr, 88Sr, 129Xe,
  132Xe, 139La, 142Nd, 151Eu, 208Pb Multiply
  charged positive ions 4He2, 11B2, 12C2,
  12C3, 12C4, 12C6, 14N2, 14N3, 14N4, 14N7,
  16O2, 16O3, 16O4, 16O5, 16O8, 19F6, 20Ne2,
  20Ne7, 20Ne10, 28Si11, 28Si14, 36Ar9,
  36Ar10, 36Ar12, 36Ar13, 40Ar9, 40Ar11,
  40Ar13, 40Ar15, 48Ti11, 58Ni17, 58Ni18,
  84Kr33, 126Xe36, 129Xe36, 129Xe37, 136Xe39,
  136Xe44, 207Pb53, 208Pb53, 208Pb54, 208Pb55
  Postive molecular ions H2, HD, H3, D2,
  H2D, 3HeH, 3HeD, 4HeH, D3, LIH2 He2, D5,
  CH2, NH2, OH, CH5, NH4, H2O, H3O, HF,
  ND3H, ND4, D3O, C2H, CN, C2H2, HCN, C2H3,
  HCNH, C2H4, CO, N2, N22, 13CO, N2H, C2H5,
  NO, D13CO, O2, CH3NH3, H2S, PD2, N2H7,
  D232S, CD3OH2, CD3OD, H5O2, D234S, CD3OD2,
  13CD3OD2, C3H4, D5O2, N2D7, C3H7, CO2,
  NaD2O, CO2D, DN2O, NOH2O, NOD2O, C3D7,
  DC3N, N3H10, DC3ND, H7O3, COS, N2O2, D7O3,
  N3D10, C4D9, S18O2, ArN2, H9O4,
  CD3COHNHCH3, C6D6, H11O5, C2S2H6, C2S2H7,
  H13O6 Negative atomic ions H-, Li-, F-, SI-,
  S-, Cl-, Se-, Te- Negative molecular ions CN-,
  C4-, Cl2- Range of energies per nucleon 76
  eV/u 92 MeV/uRange of total energies 10 keV
  1.4 GeV

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History

• Design and construction of the storage ring
  started in 1986
• The first stored beam was in January 1991
• The electron cooler started operating in May
  1992
• Start of experimental programme in June 1992
  . .
• Continuous improvements of reliability, electron
  cooling, ion sources diagnostics, control
  system, vacuum system . .
• The Swedish Research Council decides to stop
  funding MSL in June 2003

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Why CRYRING fits at FLAIR
(and for SPARC)

• Its energy range is suited to deceleration after
  NESR, from 30 to 0.3 MeV

• It is a fast ramping machine (7 T/s) where
  deceleration is operational

• It is regularly changing between positive and
  negative ions

• It has excellent vacuum (lt 1x10-11 torr N2 eq.)

• It has electron cooling

• It has room for internal targets

• It does not have extraction but is designed with
  extraction in mind

• It has an injector that can be used for tests
  and training (and physics)

• .
• .

• It exists and is proven to work

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MINIS Platform

• MINIS is a 40-kV platform for small sources for
  singly charged atomic and molecular ions.

Types of ion sources Nielsen-type hot-cathode
source with gas injection or oven Cold-cathode
source for vibrationally cold molecules or
reactive substances Sputtering source for
negative ions Nier electron-impact source for
molecules in known vibrational states Molecular-b
eam discharge source for rotationally cold
molecules
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ECR Ion Source

• The ECR (Electron Cyclotron Resonance) ion source
  delivers ions of medium-high charge states from a
  300-kV platform.

Typical ions delivered to experiments
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CRYSIS

• CRYSIS is an electron-beam ion source for very
  highly charged ions. It is mounted on a 40-kV
  platform and delivers ions at 3-40q keV to
  low-energy experiments and the ring. It has
  produced ions from T to Pb58 for experiments
  and up to U70 for tests.

Typical performance
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RFQ

• The RFQ accelerates ions with q/A ? 0.25 from 10
  keV/u to 300 keV/u. Ions with lower
  charge-to-mass ratio are transported through the
  RFQ without being accelerated.

Some data
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Injection and Extraction

• CRYRING has a 10-turn electrostatic multiturn
  injection for low energies with a closed-orbit
  bump local to the injection straight section

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Injection and Extraction

• The present injection needs to be replaced (or
  complemented) by a magnetic single-turn (or
  multi-turn) injection for the NESR pulses.
• It should be possible to combine the
  high-energy injection from NESR with the
  low-energy injection in a single system, saving
  space by having the two beamlines merge upstream
  of CRYRING.
• The ring has not extraction at present, but it
  should be provided with both fast and slow
  extraction. They should be combined into one
  system, but a design study is needed.
• Combining the injection into one straight section
  and the extraction into another straight section
  leaves on straight section for experiments, such
  as an internal target.

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Electron Cooler/Target

• Started operation in 1993
• Rebuilt to 10 times expansion with new gun but
  old magnets in 1994

• Old normal-conducting version
• Design voltage 20 kV
• Design current 3 A
• Maximum field 0.3 T
• Typical cooling field 0.03 T
• Expansion factor 1-10

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Electron Cooler/Target

• Rebuilt to 100 times expansion with
  superconducting solenoid in 1997

• Bmax ? 5 T
• Expansion factor ? 100
• kTlong 0.05 0.2 meV
• kTtransv 1.5 3 meV
• Ecool 0.004 8 keV

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Vacuum

• The CRYRING vacuum system is based on NEG pumps,
  and in addition has ion pumps for heavier
  rest-gas components. The cooler has cryo pumps.
  There are turbo-molecular pumps installed around
  the ring, also for pumping of gases not handled
  by the NEG.
• Essentially the entire ring is bakable to 300C
  and it is regularly baked to 200300C after
  opening to the atmosphere.

The true average pressure in the ring (mainly H2)
is approximately 1?10-11 torr, corresponding to
less than 7.5?10-12 torr nitrogen-equivalent
pressure.
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Ion Lifetimes

• With 1?10-11 torr hydrogen pressure typical
  lifetimes for ions in the ring are

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Conclusion
We think CRYRING is an up-to-date machine in
excellent condition that would fit very well at
FLAIR, and it could be moved there at a cost
which is small compared to the cost for building
a new similar ring.