Synchrotron Physics: Principles and Applications

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Synchrotron PhysicsPrinciples and Applications

• Dr Tim Reddish

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Questions Questions Questions

• Whats so special about Synchrotron radiation?
• What is Synchrotron radiation?
• How do you make - or optimise - it?
• What are its applications?

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Accelerating Charged Particles Emit
Electromagnetic Radiation.
Radio Waves to Gamma Rays
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What is Synchrotron Radiation?

• The light emitted by very fast electrons in a
  circular orbit is distorted by relativistic
  effects.

Classical Dipole Radiation Intensity
Distribution
Relativistic Searchlight Effect
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Synchrotron Light

• More than a million times brighter than the Sun!

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Synchrotron Light Properties

• Very bright light.
• A broad wavelength range
• Infra-red through to X-rays
• Pulsed (60 ps), pulse spacing from 2 ns to 800
  ns.
• Polarised light linear, elliptical or circular.
• .. a very versatile light source, with all the
  above available for many scientific teams at the
  same time!

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Sources Throughout the World!

• 2nd and 3rd Generation Synchrotron Sources.
• Dedicated for intense light production.
• Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Taiwan,
  Demark, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan,
  Spain, Sweden, USA, UK..

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Canadian Light Source, Saskatchewan
LINAC
Booster Ring
2.9 GeV Storage Ring
Bending Magnets
Beam lines and End Stations
Wigglers and Undulators
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Simulated Synchrotron!
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LINAC Linear Accelerator

• Electrons are emitted from a hot-a tungsten oxide
  button into a vacuum tube.
• These electrons are accelerated to nearly the
  speed of light using microwave technology.

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BoosterRing

• In the booster ring microwaves further accelerate
  the energy of the electron stream from 250 MeV to
  2900 MeV.

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Storage Ring

• The 2.9 GeV electrons circulate around the
  storage ring where large magnets manipulate and
  bend themproducing Synchrotron Radiation.

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Inside the New CLS

• 175M Project!

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3rd Generation means Insertion Devices
Bending Magnet
Multipole Wiggler
Undulator

• IDs boost Flux and Brightness

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Undulators
Narrower Light Cone
Extra, Periodic Oscillations in Electron
Trajectory
Near- Coherent Addition of Emitted Light

• Basis of Free Electron Laser Technology

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Monochromators

• Beam lines split the continuous light into
  suitable individual wavelengths, l.
• Technology is l dependent, grazing incidence.
• High Heat loss on the optical elements!

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Synchrotron Applications

• Advanced Materials Research
• Probe the structure of matter
• Investigate chemical reactions
• Medical / Biotechnology / Pharmaceutical

ALS X-Ray Crystallography
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Tools for both Engineering and Fundamental
Science.

• Coatings, fibers, polymers, fuel cells,
  lubricants.
• IT storage, semi-conductors, sensors.
• Miniaturization Nanotechnology.
• Designer molecules for next generation drugs,
  Biomedical imaging cell chemistry implantable
  devices, cancer studies, protein functionality.
• Environmental waste processing and toxicity.
• Forensic Science, Mining, Oil, Agriculture.

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Physics COLTRIMS Cold Target Recoil Ion
Momentum Spectroscopy

• In physics, to study somethingBlow it up!
• COLTRIMS is particle microscope that measures
  the momenta of electrons and fragment ions
  following atomic or molecular photoionization.
• This information allows physicists to reconstruct
  the details of various processes.
• Technique developed by Schmidt-Bocking, Ullrich,
  Dorner, Cocke and many co-workers over 20 years.

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COLTRIMS Apparatus
4p Detection Solid Angle Complete kinematical
description of ionization process. Ultra-fast
timing electronics and position sensitive
detectors.
Gas Jet (target)
Detectors
Detectors
Extraction Fields
Ions
Synchrotron Light
Electrons
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Light Molecule Ionisation
Fragmentation
Illuminating molecules from within
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With tools like COLTRIMS theres a Bright
Future for the CLS!

• First Light 9 Dec 2003!

See www.lightsource.ca for latest news
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Acknowledgements

• Canadian Light Source
• Australian Light Source
• Advanced Light Source
• R. Dorner and the COLTRIMS team.
• Canadian Foundation for Innovation