IMMUNE SYSTEM FAILURES

1
IMMUNE SYSTEM FAILURES

• Allergies
• Autoimmune Disease
• Cancer
• HIV/AIDS

2
(No Transcript)
3
ALLERGIES

• Immune system response against a non-pathogenic
  antigen
• If you inhale something you are allergic to, your
  body produces more antibodies to the allergy
  antigen than it needs
• These antibodies bind to the antigen trigger a
  strong inflammatory response
• This strong response causes the cells in the
  nasal passages to release histamines.

4
Histamines

• Stimulate nearby capillaries to swell release
  fluid
• Increase mucus production from the mucous
  membranes
• Runny nose, nasal congestion, watery eyes

5
Antihistamines

• Allergy medicines- chemicals that block histamine
  action

6
Autoimmune Diseases

• The ability for the immune system to distinguish
  from self non-self breaks down.
• The body attacks its own tissue
• Example Multiple Sclerosis- body attacks the
  myelin sheath that covers neurons. Movement is
  lost and paralysis and death can occur.

7
CANCER

• CANCER- Cells lose the ability to stop dividing
• TUMOR- Mass of cells.
• Benign- Cells divide rapidly but
  spread little. Not usually fatal.
• Malignant- Cells move rapidly (can
  even spread via lymph
  bloodstream) often fatal unless
  detected early
• Carcinogen- Mutagenic agent that causes cancer

8
HIV/AIDS

• Attacks Helper T Cells
• When the number of helper T cells in the blood
  has fallen to very low levels, a person is said
  to have AIDS.
• Body is overwhelmed by pathogens cancers that
  it normally could defeatleads to death

9

• HIV AIDS FACTS
• HIV is transmitted through body fluids of
  infected individuals
• More than 20 of AIDS cases were infected during
  their teenage years