Title 36pt Georgia

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Survey of Aviation Emissions Management
Measures Ted Milczarek APEC Aviation
Emissions Task Force Meeting 2 Singapore, 15-16
September 2009
Title 36pt Georgia Subtitle 24pt Georgia Italics
Presentation Information Arial Narrow 24pt
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Origin and Purpose

• First Task Force meeting in Auckland
• decision on survey of current measures for
  managing fuel efficiency / aviation emissions
  being applied in APEC economies
• Purpose
• to identify the efforts already being
  undertaken
• to provide guidance on where future efforts of
  the Task Force should be applied

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Objectives

• To document the range of measures currently being
  applied in APEC economies in order to
• Develop a broad understanding of current measures
  being applied
• Rate the benefits of these measures
• Identify strengths and opportunities and any
  associated issues
• Share the information across economies
• Explore opportunities for potential collaboration
  among economies

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Survey design and distribution

• Designed by Australia with input from New Zealand
• Structured to provide extensive coverage
• Distributed to all APEC economies early March
  2009
• Responses sought by 31 March 2009
• Some delays in receiving responses
• Ten responses received
• Australia, Chinese Taipei, Japan, New Zealand,
  Peru, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore,
  Thailand, and the United States

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Survey coverage

• 1. Goals, strategies and regulation
• 2. Air traffic management and aircraft operation
• 3. Technological
• 4. Alternative fuels
• 5. Positive economic measures
• 6. Market-based measures
• 7. Airports
• 8. Voluntary measures
• 9. Complementary government initiatives
• 10. Measurement, reporting and assessment
• 11. Other existing or planned measures

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Summary of responses

• Goals, strategies and regulation
• Seven economies proposing economy-wide goals for
  GHG emissions
• most economies adopting ETS or other specific
  strategies for managing GHG emissions
• Only two economies proposing to include domestic
  aviation in ETS
• Most relying on voluntary or cooperative action
  by aviation
• Limited government regulation in place for
  improving fuel efficiency

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Summary of responses (cont.)

• Air traffic management and aircraft operations
• most economies reported a wide range of
  initiatives to improve operational efficiencies
• Still some opportunities for further
  initiatives
• Technological
• airlines in all economies are progressively
  replacing older aircraft
• four economies reported that airlines were
  adopting airframe modifications to improve
  efficiency
• Most economies have aircraft with PBN
  capability

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Summary of responses (cont.)

• Alternative fuels
• Research on alternative fuels for aviation in
  some economies
• In-flight trials of alternative fuels by a
  number of airlines
• Initial test have shown promising results
• Positive economic measures
• Some economies provide assistance for ground
  power units of ground servicing equipment
• Accelerated depreciation allowances as well as
  targeted research funding by some economies

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Summary of responses (cont.)

• Market-based measures
• ETSs being considered in a number of economies
  which will include domestic aviation
• One economy applies a fuel tax on domestic
  operations
• Opportunities for passengers to offset
  emissions
• No economies proposing inclusion of
  international aviation in ETSs.
• Airports
• Range of efficiency measures being applied
• Consequential benefits of slot management
  schemes
• Improvements to rail and bus transport services

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Summary of responses (cont.)

• Voluntary measures
• Passengers offered voluntary carbon offsetting
• Some economies planning voluntary agreements
  with industry
• Joint efforts with airlines to achieve
  environmental objectives
• One airport participating in carbon mitigation
  program
• Complementary government initiatives
• One example of high speed rail as alternative
  transport
• Enhanced weather reporting in a number of
  economies
• Dissemination of climate change information

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Summary of responses (cont.)

• Measurement, reporting and assessment
• No consistent approach to reporting aviation
  emissions
• Development of various carbon monitoring and
  reporting approaches underway
• Limited requirement to assess GHG emissions in
  environmental impact assessments
• Other existing or planned measures
• Various environmental management measures

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Conclusions

• APEC economies already pursuing a wide range of
  measures
• Some economies have applied or are considering
  the full range of available measures
• Application of measures in other economies is
  more limited
• Possibility of technical, institutional or other
  obstacles to application of measures in some
  economies
• Opportunity exists for the AETF to explore ways
  of overcoming any such obstacles

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Potential action

• Collaboration to improve ATM practices in the
  region
• Measuring and reporting aviation emissions
• APEC recognition of specific voluntary carbon
  offset schemes
• Greater implementation of aircraft operational
  efficiencies

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Where to from here

• Agree that the completed survey forms be
  shared with all economies by publishing on the
  TPT-WG web site
• Agree that the report on the survey be
  submitted to the TPT-WG through the Aviation
  Experts Group (AEG) intersessionally
• Consider the potential further action by the
  AETF as outlined in the separate paper

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• THANK YOU