Internet Evolution in Indonesia

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Internet Evolution in Indonesia

• Onno W. Purbo
• Onno_at_indo.net.id
• Ex. Civil Servant
• Ex. Lecturer at ITB
• Works for Indonesian People

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Important Key Factor

• Human
• Community
• Society
• NOT Technology
• NOT

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Major Achievements

• Bottom-up Community based Sustainable development
  
• No backup from World Bank, IMF, ADB, in fact,
  some of these institutions are piggy back on our
  successes ? ..

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Overview

• Historical View
• Key Strategies in injecting a bottom-up community
  based development.
• Internet community development
• Commercial ISP development
• Government incumbent repressive approaches.
• Technical aspects in empowering peoples power to
  overrule the government ? ..

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Historical View

• Focus on Social (human) Aspects

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Network Topology Jan 1993
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Homebrew Radio Modem
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Software PC based

• 286 e-mail only
• Freeware network operating system (NOS)
• Downloadable from ftp//ftp.ucsd.edu/hamradio/pack
  et/

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AI3 Indonesia 1997
CAnet3
STARTAP
WIDE
TransPAC
AI3
S-One / SingaREN
APAN
vBNS
AI3 Indonesia
IIX
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Success Factor

• Community based development.
• Human Resource Development
• Culture!
• Shifting mind set!
• Self-financing.
• Human is the key factor!

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Key strategiesCommunity Based Devt
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Key Strategies

• Human factor is the most important KEY.
• Provide Free Education to the Society
• Copyleft Copywrong movement
• Free? How about the reward?
• God provides reward in unimaginable ways.

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Society Education Process
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Real Examples

• http//www.bogor.net/idkf
• Mailing lists
• Genetika_at_yahoogroups.com
• Majalahneotek_at_yahoogroups.com
• Linux-admin_at_yahoogroups.com
• Indowli_at_yahoogroups.com
• Roadshow
• Linux seminar, entrance fee US3/person
• Free seminars at schools part of JIS.

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Internet Community Development
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Access Behaviour

• Source Adi Nugroho adi_at_internux.co.id
• 50 Internet Café in Makassar, Sulawesi
• 20-27 January 2002.

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Logged Access Sites in Makassar
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Access Behaviour

• Search engine webmail are the the most accessed
  site.
• News online media are next.
• Indonesian pornograhics site is next in the row
  (not much).
• 2.98 users normally mistype the URL.
• Yahoo.com its family is the most (13) accessed
  site.

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Indonesian Internet Communities

• http//www.yahoogroups.com
• http//groups.yahoo.com
• http//groups.plasa.com
• Survey done at yahoogroups.com

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Historical Perspective

• 90 Indonesians_at_jamus.berkeley.edu
• 96 Mailing-lists_at_itb.ac.id
• 99 Mailing-lists_at_yahoogroups.com

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Evaluate yahoogroups.com

• 45.000 indonesian mailing lists
• Mostly lt100 subscribers
• Evaluate only gt100 subscribers

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Evaluation
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Mailing lists
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Subscribers
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Messages in 2001
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Activeness (msg/subs/month)
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Bandwidth (Kbps)
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Commercial ISP Development
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Commercial ISPs

• APJII Indonesian ISP Association
• http//www.apjii.or.id
• IndoNet
• the first Indonesian commercial ISP in 1994.

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APJII Membership

• 150 Principal License Holder
• 80 Member APJII
• 40 active in providing services
• 100 cities, all provinces
• Common Facilities
• APJII IIX
• APJII IDNIC
• Domain Registration NIR (APNIC)

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Principal Operational License
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Subscriber Distribution
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Targeted Total Indonesian Internet Users
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Indonesia Internet Exchange
GLOBAL INTERNET
ISP
ISP
APJII IIX (GCC TELKOM)
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Indonesia Internet Disaster ..
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Facing Stubborn Incumbent

• The Incumbent is paranoid on VoIP
• US30/incoming call line/month from normally
  US3/month
• No E1 lines for Indosat may ISPs
• No E1 lines for offices
• The stubborn incumbent is stubborn
• Purposely no lines for ISP in several islands.

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Govt Emergency Task Force

• Sickness in Govt Policy Framework
• No competitive safeguard
• ISP must uses PSTN lines while Telco doesnt
  want to give lines to ISP ?
• Sickness in Govt Tactical Framework
• No creativities are allowed
• Illegaly sweeping all illegal VoIP operators
• Illegaly sweeping all illegal high-speed
  Internet Wireless users.
• Not to mention the unofficial govt taxes.

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Technical aspects in empowering peoples power
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Current Technology Push

• Wireless Internet 11-54Mbps
• Estimated cost US150 / unit
• Unlicensed band 2.4Ghz, 5-5.8GHz
• Build own network, no Telco!

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Wireless 11Mbps PCI Card
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2.4Ghz Ant.
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Some grassroots movements

• Internet Café
• High Speed Wireless Internet (11-54Mbps)

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Indonesian Internet Cafes

• 2000 Internet Cafes
• Mostly self-finance
• Hangout at asosiasi-warnet_at_yahoogroups.com
• Fight for expanding own network concept towards
  community based network.

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Indonesian Wireless Internet

• Close to 1000 corporate users
• Uses 11Mbps (soon 54Mbps) wireless connection
• 2.4GHz (soon at 5-5.8GHz)
• Hangout indowli_at_yahoogroups.com
• Fight for free frequency license

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Aims for ..

• Peoples Telecommunication Infrastructure.
• No Incumbent / Telco
• No Government
• No IMF, No World Bank, No ADB