CGE hands-on training workshop on GHG inventories

1
CGE hands-on training workshop on GHG inventories

• Jan 8-12
• Environmental Management Corp.
• Republic of Korea
• Dr. Kyoung-sik Choi

2
Objectives

• Test and analysis for Tier 1 method
• Feasibility study of Tier 2 Method
• CH4 Emission Coefficient constant by
  characteristics of landfill
• - Landfill Condition
• Climate
• Comparison between Tier 1 and Tier 2
• Developing of reliable emission method by Tier 2
  method

3
Developing Status
Initial Status
Apply IPCC Default value
Underestimate Emission
MOE Proposal
IPCC Method Measurement of Emission
Reliability Problems
Developing status
IPCC Good Practice
Measurement Development of Reliability
How?
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Emission Patterns in Landfill
A
B
Extraction Well
Crack or Weak Point
Surface Diffusion
Emission Rate
CH4 Emission rate in landfill vs Time
Time
5
IPCC Good Practice Guidance

• Default Method Tier 1
• Assumption
• MSW landfilled in a year would be converted
  completely into CH4 which would be emitted from
  the landfill in the same year
• Limitation to application
• Only applicable for landfills demonstrating
  constant quality and quantity of MSW with respect
  to time

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• Default Method

CH4 (MSWT x MSWF x L0R) x (1-OX)
MSWT Total MSW generated (Gg/yr) MSWF
Fraction of MSW disposed at Landfills L0
Methane generation potential (Gg CH4/Gg waste)
L0 MCF?DOC?DOCF?F?16/12 MCF Methane
Correction Factor (fraction) DOC Degradable
organic carbon (fraction) DOCF Fraction DOC
dissimilated F Fraction by volume of CH4 in
landfill gas R Recovered CH4 (Gg/year) OX
Oxidation factor (fraction)
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• Tier 2 FOD Method
• Assumption
• Assumption total landfill sites as a similar type
  landfill
• Annual waste amount is a certain level during
  landfill periods
• Application
• To record disposal activity data in the landfill

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Questions

• GHG emission calculation correct?
• Degree of the exact data necessary?
• Different from existing research?

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Decision Tree
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Selection of Emission Method

• ltTier 1 or Tier 2gt

available data for disposal activity in the
landfill?
Tier 1
CH4 Emission(ton/yr) (MSWT x MSWF x MCF x DOC x
DOCF x F x 16/12 R) x (1-OX)

• Key parameter for Tier 1 Method
• (1) Total MSW (2) DOC
• (3) DOCF (4) MCF
• (5) R (6) OX

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Credibility diagnosis of variable on landfill area

• Landfill quantity(MSWT x MSWF)
• National statistics data national waste
  generation and treatment status
• DOC(organic carbon)
• Carbon content of organic waste
• 96 national waste statistics investigation,
  developed nations data
• Development of estimation equation for domestic
  conditions

DOC() 0.114 x FW 0.320 x PA 0.366 x WO
0.571 x RU 0.061 x SL 0.114
x AN 0.285 x OT
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• DOCF(fraction DOC dissimilated)
• IPCC Good Practice basic value 0.50.6
• Average value 0.55 selection
• Comparison of domestic and international data
• Dong-a Construction(1997) domestic waste -gt
  0.596
• USA EPA domestic waste -gt 0.584

• Uncertainty and possibility of error
• DOCF data on sludge, animal and plant waste and
  other combustibes

Use of existing document data Decide by basic
experiment
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• MCF(Methane correction factor)
• IPCC basic value
• Sanitary landfill 1.0
• Non-sanitary landfill 0.40.8
• Select 1.0 by MCF
• Foundation present landfill in progress is
  sanitary landfill

• Uncertainty and possibility of error
• Non-sanitary landfill that has finished landfill

Investigation of non-sanitarylandfills role in
the perspective of generation quantity
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• R(recovery ratio of CH4)
• Status of landfill LFG recovery use

• Uncertainty and possibility of error
• In cases of flaring, exact estimation of CH4
  oxidation quantity is difficult
• Difficult to ensure national statistics data
• Necessity of systematic data collection

• OX(oxidation factor)
• Sanitary landfill 0.1
• Select 0.1 by regarding domestic landfill as
  sanitary landfill

• Uncertainty and possibility of error
• Difficult to estimate exact OX on-site

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Variable value decided at current research studies
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Estimation equation of CH4 generation quantity
CH4 total emission quantity(ton/yr)
0.3667 x DOC x MSWL CH4 original emission
quantity(ton/yr) 0.319 x DOC x MSWL

• ltcomparison of 1997 resultsgt
• IPCC 712,619 ton CH4
• MOE(2000) 987,384 ton CH4
• Current research result 637,934 ton CH4

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Change of landfill GHG estimation equationTier 1
Tier 2

• Precondition
• Investigation on landfill record of national
  landfill site
• Investigation item landfill quantity, landfill
  waste, landfill period
• Expected problems
• Estimation of disposal activity data on
  non-sanitary landfill
• Insufficient investigation on plant waste landfill

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Flow diagram of CH4 generation quantity of
domestic landfill by Tier 2
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Decision Method of for CH4 emission
CH4 generation dynamic equation
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Developed Fortran Codes
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ltFortran resultgt Ulsan Sung-am landfill
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Decision of main variable of Tier 2 CH4
emission factor and CH4 generation rate constant
Landfill CH4 emission factor(L0) (ton-TCE/ton-Waste) CH4 emission factor(L0) (ton-TCE/ton-Waste) CH4 emission factor(L0) (ton-TCE/ton-Waste) CH4 emission velocity constant (k yr-1) CH4 emission velocity constant (k yr-1) CH4 emission velocity constant (k yr-1) Note
Landfill 1 time 2 times Average 1 time 2 times Average Note
Ulsan city, Sung-am Dong 0.3354 0.3253 0.3304 0.0704 0.0310 0.0507
Kyong-gi province, Yong-in city 0.3985 0.3038 0.3512 0.0278 0.0272 0.0275
Choong-nam province, Bo-ryung city 0.1188 0.07268 0.09574 0.0431 0.0416 0.0424
Choong-book province, Jae-chun city 0.1015 0.09555 0.09852 Insufficient landfill record data
Choong-nam province, Chun-an city 0.3396 0.2804 0.3100 0.0632 0.0731 0.0682
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CH4 emission quantity for each landfill by Tier 1
Landfill Landfill quantity and average during investigation period Total GHG emission quantity during investigation period(TCE) Average GHG emission quantity during investigation period(TCE) GHG emission quantity for year 2001(TCE)
Ulsan city, Sung-am Dong 1,605,966ton(6 years) Average 267,661 ton 489,578 ton 81,597 ton 40,574 ton
Kyong-gi province, Yong-in city 308,628 ton(6 years) Average 51,438 ton 96,167 ton 16,028 ton 10,578 ton
Choong-nam province, Bo-ryung city 73,073 ton(3 years) Average 24,358 ton 6,343 ton 2,114 ton 1,942 ton
Choong-book province, Jae-chun city 147,167 ton(4 years) Average 36,792 ton 13,055 ton 3,264 ton 3,292 ton
Choong-nam province, Chun-an city 336, 404 ton(6 years) Average 56,067 ton 90,191 ton 15,032 ton 7,296 ton
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Comparison between Tier 1 Tier 2 method
Results (Yongin Landfill)
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Conclusion

• Introduction and development of improved CH4
  estimation equation and finalization of CH4
  generation rate constant decision method
• IPCC applies yearly average landfill quantity
• In cases of severe changes in yearly landfill
  quantity, credibility of emission estimation
  results decrease
• CH4 emission quantity estimated during landfill
  had Tier 1 with results much higher than Tier 2
  results
• Due to the hypothesis that Tier 1 emits landfill
  waste at the same time as it is landfilled

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• Precondition to estimate Tier 2
• Collection of landfill record information
• Classification according to national landfill
  characteristics
• Landfill waste, landfill method, landfill period
  and date, landfill quantity, climate
• It is assumed that CH4 emission estimation by
  Tier 2 is possible within 12 years in the near
  future
• Unsatisfactory management of statistics data on
  landfill quantity and characteristics
• Due to inconsistency, data follow-up and CH4
  emission quantity estimation is difficult
• Necessary to develop guide on landfill waste
  management