The Burden of Asthma in New Mexico

1
The Burden of Asthma in New Mexico Brad Whorton,
Ph.D. Environmental Health Epidemiology Bureau
2
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the
airways characterized by wheezing, coughing,
breathlessness and chest tightness. Asthma
symptoms can be triggered by allergens
(substances that cause an allergic response) or
irritants (substances that irritate the nose or
airways, provoking asthma symptoms), such as
animal dander, air pollution, exercise, cold air,
or stress.
3

• Prevalence DataBRFSS, YRRS
• Hospitalization/Emergency Department DataHID, ED
• Mortality DataVR underlying and multiple cause
  data

4
New Mexicos Health Regions
Colfax
Union
Taos
San Juan
Rio Arriba
Mora
Harding
2
Los Alamos
McKinley
Sandoval
1
Santa Fe
San Miguel
Bernalillo
3
Cibola
Quay
Guadalupe
Valencia
Torrance
Region 1
Curry
De Baca
Region 2
Catron
Region 3
Socorro
Roosevelt
5
Region 4
Lincoln
Chaves
Region 5
4
Sierra
Grant
Lea
Otero
Eddy
Dona Ana
Luna
Hidalgo
5
I. The Prevalence of Asthma in New Mexico
6

• Lifetime Prevalence the percent of individuals
  that said that a doctor or other health care
  professional told them at some point in their
  life that they had asthma.
• Adults 14.5 (approximately 202,947 NM
  residents)
• Children 14.4 (approximately 71,278 NM
  residents)

• Current Prevalence the percent of individuals
  that reported that they still had asthma.
• Adults 8.9 (approximately 123,468 NM
  residents)
• Children 10.7 (approximately 50,933 NM
  residents)

SOURCE BRFSS, 2005.
7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
Current and Lifetime ASTHMA Prevalence () for
New Mexico Adults by Age Groups, 2005
NOTE Lifetime Prevalence bars are in red
Current Prevalence bars are in blue. SOURCE
Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH Data from BRFSS.
10
Current and Lifetime ASTHMA Prevalence () for
New Mexico Adults, 2005
NOTE Lifetime Prevalence bars are in red.
Current Prevalence bars are in blue. SOURCE
Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from BRFSS.
11
Current and Lifetime ASTHMA Prevalence () for
New Mexico Youth, 2005
14.4
17.9
10.7
14.2
14.9
13.1
14.4
12.4
10.7
14.0
11.9
10.7
8.7
10.8
8.7
NOTE Lifetime Prevalence bars are in red
Current Prevalence bars are in blue. SOURCE
Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH Data from BRFSS.
12
Current and Lifetime Prevalence () for New
Mexico Adults, 2005
Lifetime Prevalence bars are in red. Current
prevalence bars are in blue. Statistically
significant (plt.05). SOURCE Analysis by EHEB,
NMDOH. Data from BRFSS, 2005
13
Current ASTHMA Prevalence Among New Mexico Adults
by Education Level, 2005


SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from
BRFSS.
14
Current ASTHMA Prevalence Among New Mexico Adults
by Household Income, 2005
Source Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from
BRFSS.
15
Current ASTHMA Prevalence for New Mexico Adults
by BMI Category, 2005
NOTE BMIBody Mass Index. SOURCE Analysis by
EHEB, NMDOH. Data from BRFSS.
16
Work-related ASTHMA among New Mexico Adults, 2005
SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from BRFSS.
17
Current and Lifetime ASTHMA Prevalence among New
Mexico Youth, 2005
NOTE Lifetime prevalence bars are in red.
Current prevalence bars are in blue. SOURCE
Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from BRFSS.
18
Current and Lifetime ASTHMA Prevalence among New
Mexico Youth, 2005
NOTE Lifetime prevalence bars are in red.
Current prevalence bars are in blue. SOURCE
Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH Data from BRFSS.
19
Current ASTHMA Prevalence among New Mexico High
School Students by Grade, 2005
SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from YRRS.
20
Percent of students who currently have asthma
that have had an asthma attack during the past 12
months
SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from YRRS.
21
Percent Current and Lifetime Asthma Prevalence
Among High School Students, 2005
Males
Both Sexes
Females




plt.05. Source NM YRRS, 2005 US YRBS, 2005.
22
Number Percent of Public School Students Who
Are Known To Have ASTHMA and Take Asthma
Medication at School
SOURCE School Health Services Report, PED.
23
Top Known Health Conditions Known by School
Nurses in the Public Schools, 2004-2005
NOTE Data from School Nurses in the public
schools. SOURCE School Health Services Report,
PED.
24
Students Taking Medications at School, 2004-2005
SOURCE School Health Services Report, PED.
25
II. Hospitalization and Emergency Department Data
26
New Mexico ASTHMA Hospitalization Facts

• Approximately 1,825 admissions where ASTHMA is
  the primary diagnosis.
• Approximately 7,539 admissions where ASTHMA was
  diagnosed (primary or secondary).
• One of the top diagnoses for youth in the state.

27
Asthma Hospital Discharge Rates by County,
2001-2003 Average
All Ages
STATE RATE 9.7
NOTE Data are based on primary diagnosis and
rates are per 10,000 standard population. The
data include state residents who were admitted to
in-state non-federal hospitals. SOURCE
Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from the NM Health
Policy Commission.
Rates based on fewer than 20 cases are
statistically unreliable and should be
interpreted with caution.
28
ASTHMA Hospital Discharge Rates and 95
Confidence Intervals by County, 2001-2003 Average
NOTE Rates are age-adjusted per 10,000 standard
population. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH.
Data from NM Health Policy Commission.
29
NOTE Rates include those cases where asthma was
the primary diagnosis and are per 10,000
population. State residents who were admitted to
in-state non-federal hospitals are
included. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH Data
from NM Health Policy Commission.
30
NOTE Rates include those cases where asthma was
the primary diagnosis and are per 10,000 standard
population. State residents who were admitted to
in-state non-federal hospitals are
included. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH Data
from NM Health Policy Commission.
31

NOTE Rates include those cases where asthma was
the primary diagnosis and are per 10,000
population. State residents who were admitted to
in-state non-federal hospitals are
included. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH Data
from NM Health Policy Commission.
32
Primary Asthma Hospitalization by Race/Ethnicity,
2001-2003 Average
SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH Data from NM
Health Policy Commission.
33
ASTHMA (Primary or Secondary Diagnosis)
Hospitalization Rates, 2001-2003
STATE RATE 40.7
21.7 32.6


32.6 40.6
40.6 44.1
44.1 84.0
NOTE Data are based on primary or secondary
diagnosis and rates are per 10,000 standard
population. The data include state residents who
were admitted to in-state non-federal
hospitals. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH.
Data from the NM Health Policy Commission.
34
Asthma Emergency Room Discharge Rates, 2001-2003
Average
All Ages
STATE RATE 30.6
NOTE Rates are per 10,000 standard population.
The data include state residents who were
admitted to in-state non-federal
hospitals. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH.
Data from statewide emergency departments.
Rates based on fewer than 20 cases are
statistically unreliable and should be
interpreted with caution.
35
ASTHMA Emergency Department Rates and 95
Confidence Intervals by County, 2001-2003 Average
SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from
non-federal emergency departments in New Mexico.
36
ASTHMA Emergency Department Discharge Rates (All
Ages), 2001-2003 Average
SOURCE Analysis by EHEB, NMDOH. Data from
non-federal emergency departments in New Mexico.
37
(No Transcript)
38
Wheres the I.H.S. inpatient data???
39
I.H.S. Outpatient data???
40
III. Mortality Data
41
NOTE Rates are based on deaths to New Mexico
residents and are age-adjusted per 100,000
standard population. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB,
NMDOH. Data provided by BVRHS.
42
ASTHMA Death Rates by Region of the State,
2001-2005 Average
NOTE Rates are based on deaths to New Mexico
residents and are age-adjusted per 100,000
standard population. SOURCE Analysis by EHEB,
NMDOH. Data provided by BVRHS.
43

• Whats next?
• In-depth analysis of Region 4.
• Association between asthma with air quality.
• Study of co-morbidity and co-mortality.
• Ironing out problems with I.H.S. data.
• National Health Interview Survey.

44
Main ASTHMA Highlights

• Current Prevalence is higher among the states
  youth population than in the adult population.
• Among youth, New Mexicos asthma prevalence is
  higher than the national average.
• The hospitalization rate is highest among the
  youngest age groups.
• Southeastern New Mexico s youth hospitalization
  rate is more than three times the state rate.
• Southeastern New Mexicos youth emergency room
  rate is almost double the state rate.

45
Questions . . . ?