MCS Monitoring Control and Surveillance

1
MCS Monitoring Control and Surveillance

• Fish 323

2
Monitoring

• the collection, measurement and analysis of
  fishing activity including, but not limited to
  catch, species composition, fishing effort,
  bycatch, discards, area of operations, etc. This
  information is primary data that fisheries
  managers use to arrive at management decisions.
• If this information is unavailable, inaccurate or
  incomplete, managers will be handicapped in
  developing and implementing management measures

3
Control

• involves the specification of the terms and
  conditions under which resources can be
  harvested.
• These specifications are normally contained in
  national fisheries legislation and other
  arrangements that might be nationally,
  subregionally, or regionally agreed.
• The legislation provides the basis for which
  fisheries management arrangements, via MCS, are
  implemented.

4
Surveillance

• involves the regulation and supervision of
  fishing activity to ensure that national
  legislation and terms, conditions of access, and
  management measures are observed.
• This activity is critical to ensure that
  resources are not over exploited, poaching is
  minimized and management arrangements are
  implemented.

5
MCS tools

• an appropriate participatory management plan
  developed with stakeholder input
• enforceable legislation and control mechanisms
  (licences etc.)
• data collection systems - dockside monitoring,
  observers, sea and port inspections, etc.
• supporting communications systems
• patrol vessels capable of extended operating to
  remain at sea with the fishing fleets
• aircraft available for rapid deployment to
  efficiently search large areas
• use, where appropriate, of new technology (VMS,
  satellite, video, infra-red tracking, etc.)
• linked, land-based monitoring
• support of the industry and fishers
• bilateral, subregional and regional cooperation
  with other MCS components and,
• professional staff.

6
Monitoring tools

• Dockside monitoring
• Logbooks
• Observers
• Undercover operations
• At-sea inspections
• Overflights
• VMS
• Export statistics
• Market statistics
• Telephone interviews

7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
California sport fish

• What we want to know Total catch, By-catch,
  Discards, effort
• Tools
• Telephone interviews
• Logbooks
• Observers undercover
• Landings/ Creel survey
• Overflights
• At sea inspection

10
Specific question

• If they allow trolling in MPAs how many rockfish
  would be caught?
• Break into groups to discuss a plan

11
What is monitored

• Catch size/age/sex
• Species composition
• Fishing effort
• Bycatch
• Discards
• area of operations

12
IUU fishing

• A particular issue in international fisheries
• CCALMR estimated 39 was IUU

Upton and Vangelis (2003) report that pirate
fishing in Athenian waters by fleets based in the
Asia Minor Greek cities in 260 BC, for instance,
helped trigger a series of mini-conflicts between
Athens and its former clients.
13
Techniques to combat IUU in RFMOs

• Vessel registry
• VMS
• Name and Shame
• Import prohibition from nations with IUU vessels
  registered
• Individual fish tagging (bluefin tuna, stripped
  bass)

14
(No Transcript)
15
Trawl by-catch in mixed fisheries

• Why is it important
• We need to know the catch
• We want to restrict the catch
• Failings of logbooks and landings
• Need to monitor at sea
• Onboard observers
• Electronic monitoring

16
Underlying theory

• IUU and other forms of non-compliance happen
  because they are profitable
• Most MCS is designed to reduce its profitability
• Role of incentives in obtaining compliance
• When is it in the interest of those fishing to
  comply and provide good data