Survey of the Employed

1
Survey of the Employed Unemployed in
Iraq

• 2006

2
General Background

• The Central Organization for Statistics
  Information Technology / The Directorate for
  Population Manpower Computing has executed the
  4th survey for Employment and Unemployment in
  November 2006.
• The survey covered about 15,228 families
  distributed all over the Iraqi Provinces except
  AL-Anbar Province and Kurdistan Region Provinces
  (Erbil and Duhok). The families were chosen
  according to the classification of these three
  ranks urbanites , urbanites center, and suburbs
  / countryside.
• The survey has been executed through many
  stages which includes the sample designing and
  surveying , designing the forms ,training,
  preparing, and delivering the requirements, then
  collecting data from the surveys. Then comes
  office checking and encoding, followed by

3
General Background

• then the data is entered into the computer and
  finally the results are totaled for the survey.
  
• The importance of this survey comes through
  the data found about the employment and
  unemployment. The characteristics found help
  the researchers and decision makers plan for the
  policies to be specialized in the business
  market.
• The survey form has been designed on the
  concepts of International Labor Organization (
  ILO) and its inclusion for all the aspects of
  employment and unemployment. It contains 26
  questions which are clear and relevant. It also
  asks about family characteristics in addition to
  the identifying data of provincial distributions
  . The field work takes 12 days and 138
  information collectors with 9 being for each
  province.

4
Targets of this Survey

• The importance of this survey becomes clear in
  ensuring universal statistics system about the
  employed and unemployed. It also provides a
  rule for observing directions and changes in
  business market . It aims to
• Provide statistics about the population of
  economical activity for the service of varied
  analytical purposes ,such as studying the
  demographic ,social and economical factors which
  affects the size and structure of the work power
  , and the estimation of the population of
  economical activity and their components as a
  rule for the economical and social planning .
  
• Calculating the averages of unemployment and
  rectified economical activity and the averages of
  deficient employment for the population between
  15 and 24 years of age.
• Realization of the substantial reasons which help
  employees seek additional jobs.
• Knowledge of the basic styles and means the
  average unemployed take for finding a job.
• Observation of the Children Employment Phenomenon
  .

5

• In the light of these important dimensions
  for the employment and unemployment surveys,
  the aim of the survey has been initiated
  according to the estimation of business size,
  business power, the distribution of unemployment
  and the employment on the basis of different
  characteristics such as ( age, gender
  ,educational status , social status,

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• work ability status, economical activity, job
  activity and sector), measurement of employment
  and unemployment size in the society and
  knowledge of the characteristics and orientations
  for those who are unemployed .

7
Concepts and definitions

• Concepts and definitions used in this survey
• Urban Center all areas within the borders of
  governorate center.
• Suburbs Urban all urban areas out of the
  governorate borders in districts.
• Farm all areas outside of the borders of
  municipalities.
• Employed Individuals Works at a state sector,
  mixed sector, cooperation, private, or foreign
  sector. These include
• Those who work for a wage in a state, private, or
  foreign sector in a monthly, weekly, or daily
  payments.
• Sole-proprietor Owns business and employees
  other individuals.
• Self-employed Individual who has private work,
  manages his own work and no other individuals
  work for with him such as, grocer and carpenter
  ,..etc
• Works for family without payment Individual who
  works for private work owned by family or one of
  family members and does so without getting paid
  for their labor.
• Unemployed Individual age 15 or older and who is
  able and seeking work but currently does not have
  employment. Persons of this condition include
• Jobless Has not worked for more than 7 days
  previous to survey not including those absent
  with leave
• Able to work Willing and able bodied to work
• Seeking work the individual has taken specific
  steps to find work during a specific period in
  the four weeks before the survey date, including
  specific steps listed at employment offices,
  applying for jobs directly with company owner, by
  newspaper or by help from others.
• Working hours Total hours worked within seven
  days previous to the survey consisting of
• Regular hours
• Overtime hours
• Break time
• Company approved time off
• Deficient employment Employees 15 or older who
  have work but desire a second job and they are
  available for work within the time attribution of
  the survey (Total hours are less tan 35 hours a
  week)

8
Survey Sample

• All the governorates were divided Into three
  categories being
• the urban center
• the suburban
• country
• Out of each category, 54 were drown at random .
  Therefore , the sample in every governorate is
  composed of 162 clusters. In a later stage, 6
  families had been drown at random from each
  cluster . So the sample in every governorate is
  972 families except Baghdad which was divided
  into five categories. The sample in Baghdad is
  1620 families and the total sample is 15228
  families representing all governorates in Iraq
  except Anbar and the two Kurdistan region
  governorate Dohuk and Arbil where the survey was
  not conducted. Results have been achieved
  according to the weight of each category in
  accordance to the ratio importance of the number
  of families.

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Calculating Criteria

• Revised economic activity rate
  
• Active economic population of age 15 or
  older divided by population
  
  
• Unemployment rate
  
• Number of employees that search for work who are
  15 or older divided by the number of population
  with economic activity of this age range
  
  
• Active economic population people (population)
  actually working unemployed looking for job.
  
  
• Working population
  
• Full-time and part time employees, temporary
  leave of absence workers included
  
• Deficient employment rate due to fewness of
  working hours among population of age 15 and
  older
• Individuals working fewer than 15 hours per week
  .
• Deficient employment rate due to scarce working
  hours and the desire for extra work among people
  at age of 15 and older (individual working
  fewer than 35 hours per week / employed people
  (population 100) .
  

10
Survey Results

• The survey results show that the unemployment
  rate has reached 17.5. The rate for women
  surpassed the rate for men, where the
  unemployment rate for women reached 22.65 while
  it is 16.16 for men. The total unemployment
  rate was 17.97 the year before in 2005.

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Comparison among the Unemployment Averages
12
Unemployment Averages by Provinces,
Environment and Gender
13
Unemployment Averages by Provinces, Environment
and Gender
14
First Unemployment Average

• Unemployment among people 15 years of age and
  older
• The results of employment and unemployment survey
  show that the unemployment range in Iraq for both
  genders 17.5. (Men - 16.9, Females - 22.7)
• The survey data shows the increase of
  unemployment at urban areas rather than farms
  which reached 22.9 at the center of the
  governorate, 16.2 at the other urban areas and
  13.2 at farms. It is worth mentioning that the
  average unemployment for females on farms is 8.0
  is distinguished by its big reduction comparing
  with unemployment range among females at urban
  areas and suburbs because the evaluation is
  related to the economically active.
• The results that refer to Thi-Qar still top other
  governorates when it comes to the increasing
  unemployment which exceeds 27.0 for both
  genders. Females are at higher percentages than
  males in unemployment which is about 44.4 for
  females for 24.7 for males. Next is Nineva and
  Al-Muthenna with 27.5 and 23.0 respectively.
  The lowest average of unemployment recorded was
  8.0 for both genders in Kirkuk governorate, 6.4
  among males and 13.0 among females.
• Despite a reduction in the unemployment rate from
  2005, the detailed averages show that there are
  few governorates whose unemployment rate has
  decreased when compared with 2005. The averages
  in six governorates are increasing differently
  and they are Nineva, Diala, Babilon, Karbalaa,
  Wasit. Basrah while it decreased in eight
  governorates which are Kirkuk, Baghdad,
  Sallah-Eldin, Najaf, Qadisiya, Al-Muthanna,
  Thi-Qar, Misan.

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Unemployment according to Governorate and
Environment
16
Differences of ratios
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Unemployment among youth age 15-24unemployment
average among youths age 15-24 is 30.28. A
simple increase occurred in 2006 while comparing
it to 2005 by an average 2.29 for both genders.
unemployment average according to age and gender
18
Second Economic Activity Average among
Population of Age 15 and older

• 1- Fourth level results indicate that work
  participation average among men is higher than
  women .The economic activity for both genders
  reached 78.3 for men and 20.7 for women, while
  it reached to 49.7 for all people 15 years and
  older.
• 2- Compared with the results of 2005 survey, we
  find that economic activity average raised to
  0.3 for both genders, 1.17 for
• men and 1.5 for females.
• 3- Babylon Province reached the highest
  average of economic activity at 62.3, while the
  other provinces averages reached 54.3 in Wasit ,
  50.9 in Suleimanya , 50.7 in Nineveh and 45.5
  in Basra. These averages differ between urban
  areas and countryside areas in which the average
  was 49.2 for the Urban Center, 45.5 for the
  suburban and 57.4 in countryside.
  

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Economic activity average according to
Governorate, Environment and Gender
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Economic Activity Average according to
Provinces , Environment
and Gender
21
Economic Activity Average according to
Provinces , Environment and Gender
22
Three Deficient Employment

• Results show that deficient employment due to the
  reduction of working hours for labors 15 and
  older in Iraq has reached an average of 37.8 for
  both genders. The average raised from 24.6 over
  the average of 2005 to an estimated 30.4. For
  women it was 67.0 while for men it was 28.1.
• The results show that Salah- Eldin is on the top
  of the other governorates concerning deficient
  employment average which is 46.5 35.9 for
  females and 76.1 for males. Baghdad comes next
  with an average of 45.6 for both genders 40.4
  for females and 69.1 for males. Sulaimania comes
  third with an average of 40.4 for both genders

23
Deficient Employment due to lack of Working Hours
Desire for Extra Work

• The International Labor Organization (ILO)
  defines the deficient employment of those who
  possess a job, but they desire to get an another
  job. The average work hours is 35 hours a week .
  
• According to the survey results , 10.38 of the
  workers (for both genders) are under this
  classification of employment with 12.20 for
  males and 2.83 for females .

24
Unemployment Average According to Scientific
Status
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Children Employment
26
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