Solubility

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Solubility

• 8th Physical Science
• Mr. Lopez

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Solution

• Type of homogenous mixture formed when one
  substance dissolves in another
• Examples
• Ocean water
• Iced tea
• Air

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Mixtures
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Describe this diagram
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Why is the ocean salty?
http//www.palomar.edu/oceanography/salty_ocean.ht
m
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Properties of Solutions

• Particles not large enough to be seen
• Cannot separated by simple physical means
• Particles are too small to be scattered by light
• Particles are evenly spread out

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Types of Solutions
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How does this work?
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Solubility

• The amount of a solute that can be completely
  dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a
  specific temperature

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Solute

• Substance that is dissolved
• Lemonade
• Lemon juice
• Sugar
• Kool-Aide

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Solvent

• Substance that does the dissolving
• Lemonade
• Water
• Lab 1 Space between
• Lab 2 Candy

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Solubility Gizmo

• Solubility
• Try this gizmo and answer the assessment
  questions.

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Molarity Equations

• (M) Number of moles of solute contained in one
  liter of solution
• Example
• What is the molarity of a solution that can
  contains 4 moles of solute in 8000 ml of
  solution?
• 8000 ml 8 Liters
• 1000 ml/L
• Molarity moles of solute 4 0.5 M
• L of solution 8

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Molarity Example 2

• What is the molarity of a solution that contains
  170 grams of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) in 2 liters
  of solution?
• Mole of mass of NaNO3 23 14 (3 X 16) 85
  grams
• Moles of solute 170 grams 2 1 M
• 85 g/mole 2

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Molarity Example 3

• How many grams of hydrogen chloride (HCl) are
  present in 5.0 liters of solution of hydrochloric
  acid?
• 6 moles/liter X 5.0 liters 30 moles
• Mass of 1 mole of HCl 1 35.5 36.5 g
• Mass of 30 moles 30 moles X 36.5 g/mole
• 1095 grams

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Concentration Problems

• Problems and answers
• Mixture Quiz
• Read and take a quiz on mixtures
• Demos

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What is a Salt?

• Substance that is neither an acid nor a base
• Most salts contain metal and nonmetal
• Examples
• HCl NaOH ? NaCl H2O
• Neutralized by HCl
• H2SO4 2NaOH ? Na2SO4 2H2O
• Fe 2HCl ? FeCl2 H2O
• Metals react with acids

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Questions for Solubility Graph

• 1. What are the titles of the axis?
• 2. Identify 3 substances on the graph with their
  formulas.
• 3. Calculate the formula weight of the 3
  substances.
• 4. A solution contains 90 grams of a salt
  dissolved in 100 grams of water at 40 C. The
  solution could be an unsaturated solution
• 5. Which of the following substances is most
  soluble at 60 C?
• 6. A solution contains 52 grams of solute per 100
  grams of water at 90 C. This solution could be a
  saturated solution of?
• 7. Which 2 salts are equally soluble in 100 ml of
  H2O at 76 C?
• 8. Given 100 ml of water at 10 C that contains 60
  grams of NaNO3. In order to form a saturated
  solution at 10 C, how many more grams of NaNO3,
  must be added?