Devices III

1
Devices III

• Surveillance Cameras

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Surveillance of the Borders

• 235 different video surveillance systems
  currently in operation along America's borders
  (6000 miles Canada Mexico)
• A 26-camera surveillance system in Douglas,
  Arizona, and a 32-camera system in Blaine,
  Washington (Installed in 1990)
• Installed in pairs (for day and night vision)
• Can read the license plates and movements from 2
  miles away
• Remotely controlled from miles away through
  wireless
• Problems
• Wont work above 68oF (95 of the time fails)
• Very expensive (0.25 mil/camera)

3
New Technologies

• Near Infra Red (NIR) Camera
• Simultaneous imaging in visible and near
  infra-red spectrum
• Uses InGaAs-based focal plane array with
  extremely high spectral sensitivity
• LIGHTGRABBER technology
• Can capture images at light levels as low as 0.3
  lux
• Demo

4
Automated Video Security (AVS)

• Computer automated image analysis
• Automatically detect unusual events and trigger
  alarms
• Reduces the volume of data presented to security
  personnel. 
• Can monitor large areas and handle complex
  time-varying images

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AVS Components

• May use existing CCTV surveillance infrastructure

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Challenges - Video Surveillance (Conventional)

• Automatic detection and tracking of people
• Implement simplistic approaches to incident
  detection
• False triggers are generated by moving foliage,
  passing headlights, cloud shadows etc.
• Useful only in highly constrained environments

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AVS Solutions

• Maximum detection and tracking with minimal false
  triggers
• Can detect stationary objects (packages)
  introduced into the scene
• Sophisticated algorithms
• Temporal processing
• Model based analysis

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AVS Applications

• Perimeter security
• Interior security
• Under vehicle surveillance
• Safety
• Warning on large animals, joggers
• Data acquisition
• Traffic data
• Counting Bee project to detect explosives

Demo page
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Integrated Surveillance Intelligence System (ISIS)

• State-of-the-art technology to monitor borders
  from distance
• Three components
• Remote video surveillance (RVS)
• Unattended ground sensors
• ICAD software

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Underwater Surveillance

• Distributed Surveillance Sensor Network (DSSN)
• Use of small, inexpensive undersea vehicles
  (Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) for
  surveillance applications
• Based on MITs Autonomous Ocean Sampling Network
  (AOSN)
• Sensors communicate acoustically

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DSSN (contd)
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DSSN (contd)
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DSSN (contd)
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Other Side of the Fence
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Who are Against Surveillance?

• SCP (Surveillance Camera Players!)
• Movement to destroy the myth that only suspects
  fear being watched
• Proclaims that any amount of video monitoring
  will prevent terrorism
• Points to the statistical fallacy of facial
  recognition in a crowd