Sub-Regional MDGR: Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia

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Sub-Regional MDGR Czech Republic, Hungary,
Slovakia, Slovenia

• Ben Slay, Susanne Milcher
• UNDP Regional Centre, Bratislava
• 26 April 2004

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Why this presentation?

• For EU accession, UNDP Regional Centre
  (Bratislava), national teams, prepared
• National MDGRs for four new EU states
• Czech Republic -- Hungary
• Slovakia -- Slovenia
• Sub-regional chapeau comparing results
• Reports show how MDGRs adapted the MDGs in four
  new EU countries
• Focus on how the national teams adapted MDGs to
  make them useful

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Reports key messages

• Adaption of MDGs to new EU countries requires
  disaggregation, by
• Ethnicity (Roma)
• Sub-national regions
• Gender
• Labour market status
• Adaptation shows that MDGs
• are useful even for developed countries
• provide full picture of social exclusion
• can complement tertiary EU social inclusion
  indicators

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Goal 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

• Targets refocused on reducing relative poverty
  for vulnerable groups
• Roma
• Single mothers
• Families with many children
• Long-term unemployed
• Large sub-national discrepancies magnify poverty
  risks for these groups

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Poverty and labour market status (Hungary, 2000)
Source Gábos and Szivós (2002), on the basis of TÁRKIs Household Monitor
Note Poverty line50 of median household income (in consumption units)
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Single mothers below national subsistence minima
()
Source CESES and UNDP, Millennium Development
Goals Report, Czech Republic
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Low income rate after transfers (Hungary, 2000)
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Goal 2 Achieve universal primary education

• National targets adapted to reflect Lisbon
  Summits knowledge society
• Life-long learning
• Quality of education
• Targets focused on
• Raising relatively low tertiary education levels
• Better alignment of education systems with labour
  market needs

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Percentage of people with tertiary education
(2000)
Source National statistical offices, EUROSTAT,
2003
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Roma education levels (2002)
Source UNDP/ILO survey (primary data), 2002
(http//roma.undp.sk/)
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Goal 3 Promote gender equality, empower women

• Horizontal, vertical labour market segregation by
  gender apparent in all four countries
• Women more likely to work in sectors with lower
  average wages, occupy lower positions in any
  given field
• Reducing wage gaps featured prominently among
  targets selected

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Goal 4 Reduce child mortality

• Substantial reductions in infant, perinatal
  mortality already achieved
• Targets selected by national teams
• Hungary and Slovakia reducing infant, child
  mortality levels toward EU averages
• Czech Republic and Slovenia maintaining child
  health, mortality levels at current favourable
  rates

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Infant mortality rates (2001)
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Goal 5 Improve maternal health

• Maternal mortality, abortion rates have been
  declining for decades
• Reports argue that further reductions in
  abortions should be sought, via the expansion of
  modern contraceptive methods

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Abortions per 1000 women (Slovakia, 2000)
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Teenage pregnancies (ages 12-18), 2000
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Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, other diseases

• Central European countries not threatened by
  AIDS, tuberculosis, or other infectious diseases
  . . .
• . . . But a terrible HIV/AIDS epidemic is taking
  hold in Ukraine
• Future threat?
• Chronic circulatory ailments, cancers pose larger
  health threats in Central Europe than do
  infectious diseases

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TB prevalence (per 100K inhabitants, 2001)
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Death rates due to tumours (per 100,000
inhabitants)
Males aged 0-64 Source European health for all
database, WHO
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Goal 7 Environmental sustainability

• Substantial improvements in environmental quality
  since 1990
• ButCentral Europe still faces environmental
  challenges
• Energy usage per unit of GDP remains well above
  OECD averages
• Renewables small role in energy balances
• Requirement that municipalities with over 2,000
  inhabitants must construct sewage treatment
  plants difficult to meet

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Goal 8 Global partnerships for development

• ODA Small but rising
• Central European countries contribution to
  development cooperation goes well beyond the
  monetary value of their ODA
• Their transition expertise, particularly for new
  neighbours in the CIS, Balkans

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Official Development Assistance (2001)
Source EC, The Consequences of Enlargement for
Development Policy, Brussels, 2003
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Conclusion MDGs useful for new EU states in 3
respects

• Point to unfinished development agenda
• Disaggregation, application builds capacity for
  designing, implementing
• Joint inclusion memoranda
• National action plans
• Underscore these countries important potential
  contributions to international development
  cooperation

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Thank you!

• UNDP Regional Center
• 35 Grosslingova
• Bratislava, Slovak Republic
• 81109
• 421 2 59337 111
• www.undp.sk
• http//mdgr.undp.sk