IPT

1

• IPT
• Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas
• do Estado de São Paulo
• www.ipt.br
• www.br.ipv6tf.org
• ICT-OSA/Parlay Workshop 2006

2
Agenda

• Characteristics
• Address Space
• Headers
• Route Discovery
• Headers Concatenation
• Address Types
• Auto-configuration
• Mobility
• Quality of Service
• Security
• Experimental Network

3
Characteristics
Wide Address Space
Fixed Lenght Basic Header
Hierarchic Address
IPv6
Scalability
Extended Multicast
Jumbo Datagram Support
Anycast Support
IPv4 Coexistence
Transition Mechanisms
4
Características
Agregação de rotas
IP Mobility (native resources )
Efficient Routing
Quality of Service (native resources)
IPv6
Channel Reservation
Security (native resources)
Fragmentation Only in the origin
P2P Connectivity
NAT Usage Reduction
5
Address Space
200.18.53.60 netmask 255.255.255.0
IPv4 (32bits) 232 4 billion addresses IPv6
(128bits) 2128 340 undecillion addresses
200112F0502206212F0FFFEDABA61
6
Headers

• 14 fields (20 to 60 bytes)
• 32 bits - addresses
• Fragmentation occur at each hop
• Header Checksum occurs at each hop
• Options Field (variable) requires extra
  processing

• 8 fields (fixed 40 bytes)
• 128 bits - addresses
• Fragmentation occur only at origin
• There is no checksum
• Optional heads are placed in extension heads

7
Route discovery
ICMP Datagram too big
MTU
MTU
MTU
MTU
H1
R1
R2
R3
H2
4500
4500
1500
4500
MTU Discovery Message
8
Header concatenation (1)
variable length
(fixed length)
variable or fixed length
9
Header concatenation (2)
variable length
IPv4
DATA
IPv6 header NHRouting
Routing header NHFragment
Fragment header NHTCP
TCP header data
Hop-by-hop
Destination
Routing
Authenticat.
ESP
IPv6
Fragment
TCPDATA
fixed length
variable or fixed length
10
Address Types (1)
NÃO EXISTE
Broadcast
Origem
Nó
Nó
Nó
Nó
11
Address Types(2)
NTP

• Address type that establishes P2P connectivity.
• Packages sent to an Unicast address reach exactly
  the node identified by that address.
• Scopes
• Node-local (1)
• Link-local (FE08/10)
• Site-local (FEC0/10)
• Global (2001/16)
• Experimental 6Bone (3FFE/16)
• Transition (2002/16)

HTTP
(3 hops)
HTTP
NTP
(4 hops)
Host
Host
12
Address Types (3)
NTP

• Address type used by routers. They identify a
  group of nodes. (2/3)
• Packages sent to an Anycast address reach the
  nearest node, based on routes table.

HTTP
(3 hops)
vídeo
NTP
(4 hops)
Host
Host
13
Address Types (4)
NTP

• Address Type identify a group of nodes. (FF/8)
• Packages sent to a Multicast address reach all
  the nodes belonging that group.
• The IPv4 broadcast addresses (usually
  xxx.xxx.xxx.255), in IPv6 are a particular case
  of multicast address.

HTTP
vídeo
NTP
Host
Host
14
Auto-configuration

• MAC Address
• 00000B0A2D51

Company-ID
Individual Node-ID

• Insert FFFE between Company-ID and Node-ID
• Set U/L bit to 1
• Resulting EUI-64 Address
• 02000BFFFE0A2D51

15
Auto-configuration

• Statefull based on DHCPv6 Server
• Stateless based on Neighbor Discover

The host receives a valid prefix sent by the
Neighbor Discover adding to that prefix his
unique network interface address (EUI-64).
16
QoS

• Traffic Class
• 0 a 7 asynchronous flow. When traffic jam
  occurs communication rate slows down.
• 8 a 15 real time flow.When traffic jam occurs
  delayed packages are lost to preserve
  synchronization.
• Flow Label
• Enables efficient flow classification (20
  bits).If one application adopts flow label, all
  routers handle the packages in the same way to
  help ensure uniformity in how datagram are
  delivered.

FL1
IP y
IP x
FL2
17
ICT OSA-Parlay Workshop
IPv6 RNP
IPv4
Linux tunnel
10.206.0.1 200112F05022061/64
200.18.107.1
router
M5
10.206.0.0/16 200112F0502206/64
192.168.1.0/24 3FFE2B001031/64
200.18.107.0/24
H12
H23
H34
AP6H
AP6V
AP4
Linux GW
Linux GW
WinXP
WinXP
M1
M2
M3
M4
10.206.0.2 200112F05022062/64
192.168.1.5 3FFE2B0010315/64
200.18.107.253
200.18.107.254
10.206.0.3 200112F05022063/64
192.168.1.4 3FFE2B0010314/64
Anúncio de prefixo (radvd)
Anúncio de prefixo (radvd)